Abstract：
The previous studies an association between dietary patterns and psychiatric symptoms. However, few studies have examined the association of quality of dietary patterns and anxiety, depressive symptoms in the Chinese population.
Between 2017 and 2019, a population-based, cross-sectional survey was carried out in China. Uniformed questionnaires collected the demographic characteristics and food data. The dietary quality of the adults was evaluated using the revised Diet Balance Index 2016 (DBI-16). We measured anxiety and depression symptoms using the the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9.
A total of 73,737 participants were recruited during the survey period. 17.6 % and 13.7 % of residents suffer from anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively. The DBI-16 indicates that participants with anxiety or depression symptoms had higher scores of low bound score (LBS, refers to inadequate food intake) and dietary quality distance (DQD, refers to unbalanced food intake) than those without anxiety or depression. The logistic regression models showed that high levels of LBS and DQD problems were more strongly associated with anxiety (LBS:OR = 1.20, DQD:OR = 1.30) and depressive symptoms (LBS:OR = 1.21, DQD:OR = 1.44). On the contrary, higher bound score (HBS, refers to excessive food intake) was significantly negatively correlated with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Moreover, each increase in the food group was associated with 4 % lower odds of anxiety and 6 % lower odds of depression symptoms.
Cross-sectional design and self-reporting of psychological symptoms and dietary information limit the generalizability of the results.
The dietary quality of adults aged 40 years and over in China is suboptimal, with excessive and inadequate food intake simultaneously. Dietary imbalance, and low dietary diversity may be related to anxiety and depressive symptoms.
Between 2017 and 2019, a population-based, cross-sectional survey was carried out in China. Uniformed questionnaires collected the demographic characteristics and food data. The dietary quality of the adults was evaluated using the revised Diet Balance Index 2016 (DBI-16). We measured anxiety and depression symptoms using the the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9.
A total of 73,737 participants were recruited during the survey period. 17.6 % and 13.7 % of residents suffer from anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively. The DBI-16 indicates that participants with anxiety or depression symptoms had higher scores of low bound score (LBS, refers to inadequate food intake) and dietary quality distance (DQD, refers to unbalanced food intake) than those without anxiety or depression. The logistic regression models showed that high levels of LBS and DQD problems were more strongly associated with anxiety (LBS:OR = 1.20, DQD:OR = 1.30) and depressive symptoms (LBS:OR = 1.21, DQD:OR = 1.44). On the contrary, higher bound score (HBS, refers to excessive food intake) was significantly negatively correlated with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Moreover, each increase in the food group was associated with 4 % lower odds of anxiety and 6 % lower odds of depression symptoms.
Cross-sectional design and self-reporting of psychological symptoms and dietary information limit the generalizability of the results.
The dietary quality of adults aged 40 years and over in China is suboptimal, with excessive and inadequate food intake simultaneously. Dietary imbalance, and low dietary diversity may be related to anxiety and depressive symptoms.
摘要：
背景：先前的研究表明饮食模式与精神症状之间存在关联。然而,很少有研究检查了饮食模式的质量和焦虑的关系，中国人群的抑郁症状。
方法：在2017年至2019年之间，以人口为基础，在中国进行了横断面调查。统一的问卷收集了人口特征和食物数据。使用修订后的2016年饮食平衡指数（DBI-16）评估成年人的饮食质量。我们使用广泛性焦虑症（GAD）-7和患者健康问卷（PHQ）-9测量了焦虑和抑郁症状。
结果：在调查期间共招募了73,737名参与者。17.6%和13.7%的居民有焦虑和抑郁症状,分别。DBI-16表明，有焦虑或抑郁症状的参与者的低界得分较高(LBS，指食物摄入不足)和饮食质量距离(DQD，指食物摄入不平衡)比那些没有焦虑或抑郁的人。Logistic回归模型显示，高水平的LBS和DQD问题与焦虑（LBS：OR=1.20，DQD：OR=1.30）和抑郁症状（LBS：OR=1.21，DQD：OR=1.44）更密切相关。相反,更高的界限分数(HBS，指食物摄入过多)与焦虑和抑郁症状呈显著负相关。此外，食物组的每增加与焦虑的几率降低4％和抑郁症状的几率降低6％有关。
结论：横断面设计以及心理症状和饮食信息的自我报告限制了结果的普遍性。
结论：中国40岁及以上成年人的膳食质量不理想，同时摄入过量和不足的食物。膳食失衡,低饮食多样性可能与焦虑和抑郁症状有关。
方法：在2017年至2019年之间，以人口为基础，在中国进行了横断面调查。统一的问卷收集了人口特征和食物数据。使用修订后的2016年饮食平衡指数（DBI-16）评估成年人的饮食质量。我们使用广泛性焦虑症（GAD）-7和患者健康问卷（PHQ）-9测量了焦虑和抑郁症状。
结果：在调查期间共招募了73,737名参与者。17.6%和13.7%的居民有焦虑和抑郁症状,分别。DBI-16表明，有焦虑或抑郁症状的参与者的低界得分较高(LBS，指食物摄入不足)和饮食质量距离(DQD，指食物摄入不平衡)比那些没有焦虑或抑郁的人。Logistic回归模型显示，高水平的LBS和DQD问题与焦虑（LBS：OR=1.20，DQD：OR=1.30）和抑郁症状（LBS：OR=1.21，DQD：OR=1.44）更密切相关。相反,更高的界限分数(HBS，指食物摄入过多)与焦虑和抑郁症状呈显著负相关。此外，食物组的每增加与焦虑的几率降低4％和抑郁症状的几率降低6％有关。
结论：横断面设计以及心理症状和饮食信息的自我报告限制了结果的普遍性。
结论：中国40岁及以上成年人的膳食质量不理想，同时摄入过量和不足的食物。膳食失衡,低饮食多样性可能与焦虑和抑郁症状有关。
