Abstract：
Identifying sources is crucial for proposing effective actions to combat marine litter pollution. Here, we used an innovative approach to identify hotspots of mismanaged plastic waste (MPW) within Brazil and subsequent leakage to the ocean, based on population density, socio-economic conditions, municipal solid waste management and environmental parameters. We estimated plastic waste generation and MPW for each of the 5570 Brazilian municipalities, which totaled 3.44 million metric tons per year. Then, we estimated the probability of litter mobilization and transport (P) and the relative risk of leakage to the ocean (MPW × P). The Guanabara Bay and La Plata River comprised the main oceanic entry hotspots of litter produced in Brazil. The use of national databases allowed us to increase spatial and temporal granularity, offering a detailed baseline for the application of prevention and mitigation actions. However, overcoming data limitations is still a challenge in Brazil as in other Global South countries.
摘要：
确定来源对于提出有效行动以打击海洋垃圾污染至关重要。这里,我们使用了一种创新的方法来识别巴西内部管理不善的塑料废物（MPW）以及随后泄漏到海洋的热点，根据人口密度，社会经济条件,城市固体废物管理和环境参数。我们估计了5570个巴西城市中每个城市的塑料废物产生量和MPW，每年总计344万吨。然后，我们估计了垃圾动员和运输的可能性（P）和泄漏到海洋的相对风险（MPW×P）。瓜纳巴拉湾和拉普拉塔河是巴西生产的垃圾的主要海洋入口热点。国家数据库的使用使我们能够增加空间和时间粒度，为预防和缓解行动的应用提供详细的基线。然而,与其他全球南方国家一样，克服数据限制在巴西仍然是一个挑战。
