PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The magnitude and relevance of food allergies in the preschool population remain unknown in most regions of Mexico and Latin America. Thus, our aim was to estimate the parent-reported prevalence of food allergies in a Mexican preschool population and to characterize their clinical diagnosis and presentation. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Culiacán City. A validated questionnaire was utilized. A total of 810 parents responded to the questionnaire (valid response rate, 40.7%). The estimated prevalence rates (95% CI) were: \"physician-diagnosed Food Allergy (FA), ever\" 5.30% (3.86-7.08); \"immediate-type FA, ever\" 2.96% (1.91-4.38); \"immediate-type FA, current\" 1.60% (0.86-2.73); and food-dependent anaphylaxis 1.11% (0.51-2.01). The main food allergens were milk (0.49%), strawberries (0.37%), egg, and soy (0.25% each). Atopic diseases and a family history of allergies were significantly associated with immediate-type FA. Among \"immediate-type FA, current\" cases, 76.9% required emergency room visits, but the prescription of epinephrine autoinjectors was reported in one case only. The food reactions occurred at home (92.35%), in a relative\'s house (38.5), and at restaurants (23%). Immediate-type FA reactions requiring emergency room visits are not uncommon among the studied population. Actions like proper anaphylaxis management and the prevention of cross-contamination of foods should be encouraged.
摘要：
在墨西哥和拉丁美洲的大多数地区，学龄前人口中食物过敏的程度和相关性仍然未知。因此，我们的目的是估计墨西哥学龄前人群中父母报告的食物过敏患病率,并描述其临床诊断和表现.在库利亚肯市进行了横断面调查。使用了经过验证的问卷。共有810名家长对问卷进行了回复(有效回复率,40.7%）。估计的患病率(95%CI)是：“医生诊断的食物过敏(FA)，曾经5.30%(3.86-7.08)；“立即型FA，曾经2.96%(1.91-4.38)；“立即型FA，目前的“1.60%（0.86-2.73）；和食物依赖性过敏反应1.11%（0.51-2.01）。主要食物过敏原为牛奶(0.49%),草莓(0.37%)，鸡蛋,和大豆（每个0.25％）。特应性疾病和家族过敏史与直接型FA显着相关。在“立即型FA”中，当前的“案例”，76.9%需要急诊室就诊，但仅有一例报道了肾上腺素自动注射器的处方。食物反应发生在家里（92.35%），在亲戚的房子里（38.5），和餐馆(23%)。在研究人群中，需要急诊室就诊的即时FA反应并不少见。应鼓励采取适当的过敏反应管理和防止食品交叉污染等行动。
