Abstract：
Personal narratives are monological stories based on a personal experience that help children explain and understand their emotional states, as well as process positive and negative experiences. The aim of this study was to identify age- and emotion-related traits of lexical and grammatical abilities and coherence of personal stories produced by school-aged children between 7 and 13 years.
A total of 60 typically developing children, speakers of Croatian, were stratified into three groups according to age. Using the Global TALES protocol, each child was asked to produce six personal stories prompted by different emotional states. The personal narratives were analysed using measures of lexical diversity (lemma-token ratio and number of different words), productivity (total number of words), and syntactic complexity (mean length of utterances and clausal density). Based on the Narrative Coherence Coding Scheme, three coherence dimensions (context, chronology, and theme) were rated.
Age group was shown to explain 18% of the variance in the ability to produce personal narratives. Personal narratives elicited through positive prompts were overall more lexically diverse but were significantly less elaborated chronologically and thematically than negative and neutral narratives.
This study showed that coherence of the produced stories was connected with the child\'s lexicon and that both variables - lexicon and coherence - were influenced by emotional valence of the story. In contrast, grammatical aspects of the narrative were influenced only by age. Finally, it is possible to state that the Global TALES protocol is sensitive enough to capture specificities of creating personal stories, both developmental ones and those created under the influence of the emotional valence of the prompts.
A total of 60 typically developing children, speakers of Croatian, were stratified into three groups according to age. Using the Global TALES protocol, each child was asked to produce six personal stories prompted by different emotional states. The personal narratives were analysed using measures of lexical diversity (lemma-token ratio and number of different words), productivity (total number of words), and syntactic complexity (mean length of utterances and clausal density). Based on the Narrative Coherence Coding Scheme, three coherence dimensions (context, chronology, and theme) were rated.
Age group was shown to explain 18% of the variance in the ability to produce personal narratives. Personal narratives elicited through positive prompts were overall more lexically diverse but were significantly less elaborated chronologically and thematically than negative and neutral narratives.
This study showed that coherence of the produced stories was connected with the child\'s lexicon and that both variables - lexicon and coherence - were influenced by emotional valence of the story. In contrast, grammatical aspects of the narrative were influenced only by age. Finally, it is possible to state that the Global TALES protocol is sensitive enough to capture specificities of creating personal stories, both developmental ones and those created under the influence of the emotional valence of the prompts.
摘要：
背景：个人叙事是基于个人经验的单一故事，可以帮助孩子解释和理解他们的情绪状态，以及处理积极和消极的经验。这项研究的目的是确定7至13岁学龄儿童产生的词汇和语法能力的年龄和情感相关特征以及个人故事的连贯性。
方法：总共60名发育正常的儿童，克罗地亚语的演讲者，根据年龄分为三组。使用全局TALES协议，每个孩子都被要求制作六个由不同情绪状态引发的个人故事。使用词汇多样性（引理标记比和不同单词的数量）来分析个人叙述，生产率(单词总数)和句法复杂性(平均语长和从句密度)。基于叙事连贯编码方案，三个连贯性维度(上下文，年表,和主题)被评级。
结果：年龄组被证明可以解释18％的产生个人叙述能力的差异。通过积极提示引起的个人叙事总体上在词汇上更加多样化，但在时间和主题上的阐述要比消极和中性叙事少得多。
结论：这项研究表明，所产生的故事的连贯性与儿童的词典有关，这两个变量——词汇和连贯性——都受到了故事的情感效价的影响。相比之下,叙事的语法方面仅受年龄的影响。最后,可以说，全球TALES协议足够敏感，可以捕获创建个人故事的特殊性，既是发展的，也是在提示的情感效价的影响下创造的。
方法：总共60名发育正常的儿童，克罗地亚语的演讲者，根据年龄分为三组。使用全局TALES协议，每个孩子都被要求制作六个由不同情绪状态引发的个人故事。使用词汇多样性（引理标记比和不同单词的数量）来分析个人叙述，生产率(单词总数)和句法复杂性(平均语长和从句密度)。基于叙事连贯编码方案，三个连贯性维度(上下文，年表,和主题)被评级。
结果：年龄组被证明可以解释18％的产生个人叙述能力的差异。通过积极提示引起的个人叙事总体上在词汇上更加多样化，但在时间和主题上的阐述要比消极和中性叙事少得多。
结论：这项研究表明，所产生的故事的连贯性与儿童的词典有关，这两个变量——词汇和连贯性——都受到了故事的情感效价的影响。相比之下,叙事的语法方面仅受年龄的影响。最后,可以说，全球TALES协议足够敏感，可以捕获创建个人故事的特殊性，既是发展的，也是在提示的情感效价的影响下创造的。
