PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Ancylostoma caninum is the most common and important gastrointestinal nematode of dogs in the United States. Despite recent reports of A. caninum isolates resistant to all classes of anthelmintics, little is known about the frequency and extent of this anthelmintic resistance. The study aim was to evaluate the efficacy of three commercial anthelmintic products in the treatment of foxhound dogs with a history of persistent A. caninum infections. In the first phase of this study, 35 foxhounds were randomly divided into three treatment groups: moxidectin/imidacloprid (MI), pyrantel pamoate/febantel/praziquantel (PFP), and emodepside/praziquantel (EP). Fecal samples were collected on day 0, 11, and 33 post-treatment (PT), and hookworm eggs were quantified using the mini-FLOTAC technique with a multiplication factor of 5 eggs per gram (EPG). The fecal egg count reduction (FECR) on day 11 PT was 65% (95% CI: 62%-68%) for MI, 69% (95% CI: 66%-72%) for PFP, and 96% (95% CI: 94%-97%) for EP. On day 33 PT, the FEC in the MI and PFP groups returned to almost the same values as on day 0, while in the EP group, the FEC remained low. Since MI and PFP proved ineffective, 32 animals were randomly divided into two groups in the second phase. They were treated either with a combination of MI/PFP or EP. The FECR at day 13 PT for the combination MI/PFP was 89% (95% CI: 87%-91%) and 99% (95% CI: 98%-99%) for EP. These results suggest that this A. caninum population is resistant to multiple anthelmintics. Although the combination of MI/PFP improved the anthelmintic efficacy, the FECR remained below 90%. Future studies are indicated to evaluate further the epidemiology of persistent hookworm infections in dogs in the US and to identify more effective treatment protocols as they pose a significant health risk to canine and human health.
摘要：
在美国，犬齿线虫是狗中最常见和最重要的胃肠道线虫。尽管最近有报道称A.caninum分离株对所有种类的驱虫药都有抗性，对这种驱虫抗性的频率和程度知之甚少。研究目的是评估三种商业驱虫药在治疗具有持续性犬A.caninum感染史的猎犬犬中的功效。在本研究的第一阶段，35只猎犬随机分为三个治疗组：莫昔克丁/吡虫啉（MI），pyrantelpamoate/febantel/praziquantel(PFP),和emodepside/吡喹酮（EP）。在治疗后(PT)第0、11和33天收集粪便样品,和钩虫卵使用mini-FLOTAC技术定量，增殖因子为每克5卵（EPG）。对于MI，第11天PT的粪便卵数减少（FECR）为65％（95％CI：62％-68％），PFP为69%（95%CI：66%-72%），EP为96%（95%CI：94%-97%）。在第33PT天，MI和PFP组中的FEC恢复到与第0天几乎相同的值，而在EP组中，FEC仍然很低。由于MI和PFP被证明无效，在第二阶段，将32只动物随机分为两组。用MI/PFP或EP的组合治疗。对于组合MI/PFP,在第13天PT的FECR为89%(95%CI:87%-91%),对于EP,FECR为99%(95%CI:98%-99%)。这些结果表明，该A.caninum群体对多种驱虫药具有抗性。尽管MI/PFP的组合提高了驱虫疗效，FECR保持在90%以下。未来的研究表明，进一步评估美国狗持续钩虫感染的流行病学，并确定更有效的治疗方案，因为它们对犬和人类健康构成重大健康风险。
