Abstract：
The production scalability and increasing demand for nano-black phosphorus materials (nano-BPs) inevitably lead to their environmental leakage, thereby raising the risk of human exposure through inhalation, ingestion, dermal, and even intravenous pathways. Consequently, a systematic evaluation of their potential impacts on human health is necessary. This Review outlines recent progress in the understanding of various biological responses to nano-BPs. Attention is particularly given to the inconsistent toxicological findings caused by a wide variation of nano-BPs\' physicochemical properties, toxicological testing methods, and cell types examined in each study. Additionally, cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking, cell death modes, immunological effects, and other biologically relevant processes are discussed in detail, providing evidence for the potential health implications of nano-BPs. Finally, we address the remaining challenges related to the health risk evaluation of nano-BPs and propose a broader range of applications for these promising nanomaterials.
摘要：
纳米黑磷材料(nano-BPs)的生产规模和不断增长的需求必然导致其环境泄漏,从而增加人类通过吸入暴露的风险，摄取，真皮,甚至静脉途径。因此,有必要系统地评估它们对人类健康的潜在影响。这篇综述概述了对纳米BP的各种生物反应的理解的最新进展。特别要注意的是，由于纳米BP的物理化学性质的广泛变化而引起的不一致的毒理学发现，毒理学测试方法，和每个研究中检查的细胞类型。此外,细胞摄取和细胞内运输，细胞死亡模式，免疫学效应，和其他生物学相关的过程进行了详细讨论，为纳米BP的潜在健康影响提供证据。最后,我们解决了与纳米BP的健康风险评估相关的剩余挑战，并为这些有前途的纳米材料提出了更广泛的应用。
