Abstract：
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are nanosized delivery vehicles that participate in cell-to-cell communication through the selective transfer of molecular materials including RNA, DNA, lipids, and proteins. In the retina, the role of EV proteins is largely unclear, in part due to the lack of studies and the depth of proteomic analyses of EV cargo. This review summarizes the existing knowledge on retinal EV proteins and provides a comparative reanalysis of existing retinal EV proteomic datasets. Collective findings highlight that in homeostasis, the protein components of neural retinal and RPE-derived EV largely reflect the function of the host cells, while in disease RPE-EV protein composition becomes altered, favoring inflammatory modulation and potentially contributing to drusen formation. While these studies shed light on the potential roles of EV proteins in the neural retina and RPE, it is clear that comprehensive proteomic and molecular studies are required, in particular using in vivo models of retinal degenerations.
摘要：
细胞外囊泡（EV）是纳米大小的递送载体，通过分子材料（包括RNA）的选择性转移参与细胞与细胞的通讯，DNA,脂质，和蛋白质。在视网膜上,EV蛋白的作用还不清楚，部分原因是缺乏对EV货物的研究和蛋白质组学分析的深度。这篇综述总结了视网膜EV蛋白的现有知识，并提供了现有视网膜EV蛋白质组数据集的比较再分析。集体发现强调了在稳态中，神经视网膜和RPE衍生的EV的蛋白质成分在很大程度上反映了宿主细胞的功能，而在疾病中，RPE-EV蛋白组成发生变化，有利于炎症调节，并可能导致玻璃疣形成。虽然这些研究揭示了EV蛋白在神经视网膜和RPE中的潜在作用，很明显，需要全面的蛋白质组学和分子研究，特别是使用视网膜变性的体内模型。
