PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The intracellular protozoan parasite Babesia gibsoni infects canine erythrocytes and causes babesiosis. The hazards to animal health have increased due to the rise of B. gibsoni infections and medication resistance. However, the lack of high-quality full-genome sequencing sets has expanded the obstacles to the development of pathogeneses, drugs, and vaccines. In this study, the whole genome of B. gibsoni was sequenced, assembled, and annotated. The genomic size of B. gibsoni was 7.94 Mbp in total. Four chromosomes with the size of 0.69 Mb, 2.10 Mb, 2.77 Mb, and 2.38 Mb, respectively, 1 apicoplast (28.4 Kb), and 1 mitochondrion (5.9 Kb) were confirmed. KEGG analysis revealed 2,641 putative proteins enriched on 316 pathways, and GO analysis showed 7,571 annotations of the nuclear genome in total. Synteny analysis showed a high correlation between B. gibsoni and B. bovis. A new divergent point of B. gibsoni occurred around 297.7 million years ago, which was earlier than that of B. bovis, B. ovata, and B. bigemina. Orthology analysis revealed 22 and 32 unique genes compared to several Babesia spp. and apicomplexan species. The metabolic pathways of B.gibsoni were characterized, pointing to a minimal size of the genome. A species-specific secretory protein SA1 and 19 homologous genes were identified. Selected specific proteins, including apetala 2 (AP2) factor, invasion-related proteins BgAMA-1 and BgRON2, and rhoptry function proteins BgWH_04g00700 were predicted, visualized, and modeled. Overall, whole-genome sequencing provided molecular-level support for the diagnosis, prevention, clinical treatment, and further research of B. gibsoni. IMPORTANCE The whole genome of B. gibsoni was first sequenced, annotated, and disclosed. The key part of genome composition, four chromosomes, was comparatively analyzed for the first time. A full-scale phylogeny evolution analysis based on the whole-genome-wide data of B. gibsoni was performed, and a new divergent point on the evolutionary path was revealed. In previous reports, molecular studies were often limited by incomplete genomic data, especially in key areas like life cycle regulation, metabolism, and host-pathogen interaction. With the whole-genome sequencing of B. gibsoni, we provide useful genetic data to encourage the exploration of new terrain and make it feasible to resolve the theoretical and practical problems of babesiosis.
摘要：
细胞内原生动物寄生虫gibsoni巴贝斯虫感染犬红细胞并引起巴贝斯虫病。由于B.gibsoni感染和药物耐药性的增加，对动物健康的危害增加了。然而,缺乏高质量的全基因组测序集扩大了病原体发展的障碍，毒品,和疫苗。在这项研究中,对B.gibsoni的整个基因组进行了测序，组装,和注释。吉布氏芽孢杆菌的基因组大小总计为7.94Mbp。4条染色体大小为0.69Mb,2.10Mb,2.77Mb,和2.38Mb，分别,1根尖体（28.4Kb），和1个线粒体（5.9kb）被证实。KEGG分析显示2,641个推定的蛋白质富集在316个途径，和GO剖析显示总共有7,571个核基因组。合成分析显示gibsoni芽孢杆菌和牛芽孢杆菌之间高度相关。B.gibsoni的一个新的分歧点发生在2.977亿年前，比B.bovis早，B.Ovata,还有B.Bigemina.与几个Babesiaspp相比，骨科分析揭示了22和32个独特的基因。和尖丛物种。B.gibsoni的代谢途径进行了表征，指向基因组的最小大小。鉴定了物种特异性分泌蛋白SA1和19个同源基因。选定的特定蛋白质，包括apetala2(AP2)因子，预测了侵袭相关蛋白BgAMA-1和BgRON2，以及跳跳功能蛋白BgWH_04g00700，可视化，并建模。总的来说,全基因组测序为诊断提供了分子水平的支持，预防,临床治疗,以及B.Gibsoni的进一步研究.重要性首先对B.gibsoni的整个基因组进行了测序，注释，并披露。基因组组成的关键部分，四条染色体,首次进行了比较分析。进行了基于B.gibsoni全基因组数据的全面系统发育进化分析，并揭示了进化路径上的一个新的分歧点。在以前的报告中，分子研究通常受到不完整的基因组数据的限制，特别是在生命周期监管等关键领域，新陈代谢，和宿主-病原体相互作用。通过对B.gibsoni的全基因组测序,我们提供了有用的遗传数据，以鼓励对新地形的探索，并使解决巴贝斯虫病的理论和实践问题变得可行。
