Abstract：
The article considers particular aspects of the problem of studying the history of medicine in the USSR as educational and scientific practical discipline. On one hand, the history of medicine as educational academic discipline can quite be \"ideologized\", since education implies not only learning but also education of young man as patriot and citizen. On the other hand, history of medicine as scientific practical discipline is to be delivered from politics and ideology. However, this is determined in greater degree not so much by totalitarian pressing or liberalism of social system as by professionalism and world view of researcher. The monograph by S. N. Zatravkin and E. A. Vishlenkova \"\"The Clubs\" and \"the ghetto\" of the Soviet Health Care\" (2022), dedicated to the Soviet health care and its ideological essence, also is considered. The high significance of the book for understanding of becoming of medicine in the USSR is emphasized. However, this scholar work does not consider medical care of population of the country in clinics of medical universities and academic research institutes of the USSR. Enough attention is not paid to the history of medicine in the USSR as a science. The role of scientific schools in creating foundation for development of medicine in Russia in the late XX and early XXI centuries.
摘要：
本文将研究苏联医学史的问题的特定方面视为教育和科学实践学科。一方面,作为教育学术学科的医学史可以相当“理想化”，因为教育不仅意味着学习，而且意味着年轻人作为爱国者和公民的教育。另一方面,医学史作为科学的实践学科，要从政治和意识形态出发。然而,这在更大的程度上决定了，与其说是社会系统的极权主义压迫或自由主义，不如说是研究者的专业精神和世界观。S.N.Zatravkin和E.A.Vishlenkova的专着“苏联医疗保健的俱乐部”和“贫民窟”（2022年），致力于苏联的医疗保健及其思想精髓，也是考虑的。强调了这本书对于理解苏联医学的重要性。然而,这位学者的工作不考虑在苏联医科大学和学术研究机构的诊所中对该国人口的医疗保健。作为一门科学，苏联的医学史没有得到足够的重视。科学学校在二十世纪晚期和二十一世纪早期为俄罗斯医学发展奠定基础的作用。
