Abstract：
Sleep-related rhythmic movement disorder is characterised by stereotyped and repetitive rhythmic movements involving large muscle groups during sleep with frequencies between 0.5 and 2 Hz. Most of the published studies on sleep-related rhythmic movement disorder have focussed on children. Therefore, we performed a systematic review on this topic focussing on the adult population. The review is followed by a case report. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines. A total of seven manuscripts (n = 32 individuals) were included in the review. The clinical manifestation of body or head rolling predominated in the majority of included cases (53.13% and 43.75%, respectively). In n = 11 (34.37%) cases, a combination of rhythmic movements was observed. The literature review also revealed a wide spectrum of co-morbidities: insomnia, restless leg syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea, ischaemic stroke, epilepsy, hypertension, alcohol and drug dependency, mild depression, and diabetes mellitus. The case report presented a 33-year-old female who was referred to the sleep laboratory due to a suspicion of sleep bruxism and obstructive sleep apnea. Although the patient was initially suspected of having obstructive sleep apnea and sleep bruxism, after conducting video-polysomnography she met the criteria for sleep-related rhythmic movement disorder as she presented body rolling, which were surprisingly most evident during the rapid eye movement sleep stage. In summary, the prevalence of sleep-related rhythmic movement disorder among adults has not been determined yet. The present review and case report is a good starting point for discussion regarding rhythmic movement disorder in adults and further research on this topic.
摘要：
与睡眠相关的节律性运动障碍的特征是在睡眠期间涉及大量肌肉群的刻板和重复的节律性运动，频率在0.5至2Hz之间。大多数已发表的关于睡眠相关节律运动障碍的研究都集中在儿童身上。因此,我们对这一主题进行了系统综述,重点关注成年人口.审查之后是病例报告。审查是根据2020年系统审查和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目进行的。共有七份手稿（n=32人）被纳入审查。在大多数纳入病例中，身体或头部滚动的临床表现占主导地位(53.13%和43.75%，分别)。n=11(34.37%)例，观察到有节奏的运动组合。文献综述还揭示了广泛的合并症：失眠，不宁腿综合征,阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停,缺血性中风,癫痫,高血压,酒精和药物依赖，轻度抑郁,和糖尿病。病例报告显示，一名33岁的女性因怀疑睡眠磨牙症和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停而被转诊至睡眠实验室。尽管患者最初被怀疑患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和睡眠磨牙症，在进行视频多导睡眠监测后，她符合睡眠相关节律运动障碍的标准，因为她表现出身体滚动，令人惊讶的是，这在快速眼动睡眠阶段最为明显。总之,成人睡眠相关节律性运动障碍的患病率尚未确定.本综述和病例报告是讨论成人节律性运动障碍和进一步研究该主题的良好起点。
