PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Chemotherapy is the most prominent route in cancer therapy for prolonging the lifespan of cancer patients. However, its non-target specificity and the resulting off-target cytotoxicities have been reported. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies using magnetic nanocomposites (MNCs) for magnetothermal chemotherapy may potentially improve the therapeutic outcome by increasing the target selectivity. In this review, magnetic hyperthermia therapy and magnetic targeting using drug-loaded MNCs are revisited, focusing on magnetism, the fabrication and structures of magnetic nanoparticles, surface modifications, biocompatible coating, shape, size, and other important physicochemical properties of MNCs, along with the parameters of the hyperthermia therapy and external magnetic field. Due to the limited drug-loading capacity and low biocompatibility, the use of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as drug delivery system has lost traction. In contrast, MNCs show higher biocompatibility, multifunctional physicochemical properties, high drug encapsulation, and multi-stages of controlled release for localized synergistic chemo-thermotherapy. Further, combining various forms of magnetic cores and pH-sensitive coating agents can generate a more robust pH, magneto, and thermo-responsive drug delivery system. Thus, MNCs are ideal candidate as smart and remotely guided drug delivery system due to a) their magneto effects and guide-ability by the external magnetic fields, b) on-demand drug release performance, and c) thermo-chemosensitization under an applied alternating magnetic field where the tumor is selectively incinerated without harming surrounding non-tumor tissues. Given the important effects of synthesis methods, surface modifications, and coating of MNCs on their anticancer properties, we reviewed the most recent studies on magnetic hyperthermia, targeted drug delivery systems in cancer therapy, and magnetothermal chemotherapy to provide insights on the current development of MNC-based anticancer nanocarrier.
摘要：
化疗是延长癌症患者寿命的癌症治疗中最突出的途径。然而,已经报道了其非靶特异性和由此产生的脱靶细胞毒性。最近使用磁性纳米复合材料（MNC）进行磁热化疗的体外和体内研究可能会通过增加靶标选择性来改善治疗效果。在这次审查中,再次探讨了使用载药MNCs的磁性热疗和磁性靶向治疗，专注于磁性，磁性纳米粒子的制造和结构，表面改性，生物相容性涂层，形状,尺寸,和其他重要的物理化学性质的跨国公司，以及热疗和外部磁场的参数。由于载药能力有限,生物相容性低,磁性纳米颗粒（MNPs）作为药物递送系统的使用已经失去了牵引力。相比之下,跨国公司表现出更高的生物相容性，多功能物理化学性质，高药物封装，以及用于局部协同化学热疗的多阶段控释。Further,结合各种形式的磁芯和pH敏感涂层剂可以产生更强大的pH，磁电机,和热响应药物递送系统。因此，MNCs是智能和远程引导药物输送系统的理想候选者，因为a)它们的磁效应和外部磁场的引导能力，b)按需药物释放性能，和c)在施加的交变磁场下的热化学敏化,其中肿瘤被选择性地焚烧而不损害周围的非肿瘤组织。鉴于合成方法的重要作用，表面改性，以及对MNCs的抗癌特性进行包衣，我们回顾了关于磁热疗法的最新研究，癌症治疗中的靶向药物递送系统，和磁热化学疗法为基于MNC的抗癌纳米载体的当前发展提供见解。
