PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Obesity and decreasing fitness levels among the youth are growing concerns in Portugal, similar to other developed countries, with implications for health and psychomotor development. Understanding the influence of health determinants such as sex and age are crucial for developing effective public health strategies. This study aimed to analyze the association between sex and chronological age with obesity status and physical fitness in Portuguese adolescents. A total of 170 adolescents (85 males and 85 females) were evaluated for body mass index, abdominal adiposity, aerobic fitness, abdominal resistance, upper limb resistance, lower limb power, and maximal running speed in a 40 m sprint using the FITescola® physical fitness battery, a Portuguese government initiative. The general model, analyzed using Pillai\'s trace, showed a significant effect of age and sex on body mass index, abdominal circumference, aerobic fitness, abdominal resistance, upper limb resistance, lower limb power, and maximal running speed (V = 0.99, F (7) = 10,916.4, p < 0.001, partial η2, sex = 0.22; age = 0.43, sex and age interaction = 0.10). Boys had higher physical fitness levels than girls in most tests, but both sex groups had a significantly higher proportion of non-fit adolescents, with boys showing the highest number of participants classified as non-fit.
摘要：
在葡萄牙，年轻人的肥胖和健康水平下降越来越令人担忧，与其他发达国家相似，对健康和精神运动发育有影响。了解性别和年龄等健康决定因素的影响对于制定有效的公共卫生策略至关重要。这项研究旨在分析葡萄牙青少年的性别和实际年龄与肥胖状况和身体素质之间的关系。总共对170名青少年(85名男性和85名女性)进行了体重指数评估，腹部肥胖,有氧健身,腹部阻力,上肢阻力,下肢力量,以及使用FITescola®健身电池在40m冲刺中的最大跑步速度，葡萄牙政府的倡议。一般模型，用皮莱的踪迹分析，显示了年龄和性别对体重指数的显着影响，腹围,有氧健身,腹部阻力,上肢阻力,下肢力量,和最大运行速度（V=0.99，F（7）=10,916.4，p<0.001，部分η2，性别=0.22；年龄=0.43，性别和年龄交互作用=0.10）。在大多数测试中，男孩的体能水平高于女孩，但这两个性别群体的不健康青少年比例明显更高，男孩被归类为不健康的参与者数量最多。
