PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Kazakhstan is developing a National Roadmap to strengthen its Infection Prevention and Control (IPC), but until recently has lacked a country-wide facility-level assessment of IPC performance gaps.
In 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO)\'s IPC Core Components and Minimal Requirements were assessed at 78 randomly selected hospitals across 17 administrative regions using adapted WHO tools. The study included site assessments, followed by structured interviews with 320 hospital staff, validation observations of IPC practices, and document reviews.
All hospitals had at least one dedicated IPC staff member, 76% had IPC staff with any formal IPC training; 95% established an IPC committee and 54% had an annual IPC workplan; 92% had any IPC guidelines; 55% conducted any IPC monitoring in the past 12 months and shared the results with facility staff, but only 9% used monitoring data for improvements; 93% had access to a microbiological laboratory for HAI surveillance, but HAI surveillance with standardized definitions and systematic data collection was conducted in only one hospital. Adequate bed spacing of at least 1 m in all wards was maintained in 35% of hospitals; soap and paper towels were available at the hand hygiene stations in 62% and 38% of hospitals, respectively.
Existing IPC programs, infrastructure, IPC staffing, workload and supplies present within hospitals in Kazakhstan allow for implementation of effective IPC. Development and dissemination of IPC guidelines based on the recommended WHO IPC core components, improved IPC training system, and implementation of systematic monitoring of IPC practices will be important first steps towards implementing targeted IPC improvement plans in facilities.
In 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO)\'s IPC Core Components and Minimal Requirements were assessed at 78 randomly selected hospitals across 17 administrative regions using adapted WHO tools. The study included site assessments, followed by structured interviews with 320 hospital staff, validation observations of IPC practices, and document reviews.
All hospitals had at least one dedicated IPC staff member, 76% had IPC staff with any formal IPC training; 95% established an IPC committee and 54% had an annual IPC workplan; 92% had any IPC guidelines; 55% conducted any IPC monitoring in the past 12 months and shared the results with facility staff, but only 9% used monitoring data for improvements; 93% had access to a microbiological laboratory for HAI surveillance, but HAI surveillance with standardized definitions and systematic data collection was conducted in only one hospital. Adequate bed spacing of at least 1 m in all wards was maintained in 35% of hospitals; soap and paper towels were available at the hand hygiene stations in 62% and 38% of hospitals, respectively.
Existing IPC programs, infrastructure, IPC staffing, workload and supplies present within hospitals in Kazakhstan allow for implementation of effective IPC. Development and dissemination of IPC guidelines based on the recommended WHO IPC core components, improved IPC training system, and implementation of systematic monitoring of IPC practices will be important first steps towards implementing targeted IPC improvement plans in facilities.
摘要：
背景：哈萨克斯坦正在制定国家路线图，以加强其感染预防和控制（IPC），但直到最近还缺乏对IPC绩效差距的全国性设施级别评估。
方法：2021年，世界卫生组织（WHO）的IPC核心组成部分和最低要求在17个行政区的78家随机选择的医院使用适应的WHO工具进行了评估。这项研究包括现场评估，接下来是对320名医院工作人员的结构化访谈，IPC实践的验证观察，和文件审查。
结果：所有医院都至少有一名专门的IPC工作人员，76%的IPC员工接受过任何正式的IPC培训；95%的人建立了IPC委员会，54%的人有年度IPC工作计划；92%的人有任何IPC指南；55%的人在过去12个月进行了任何IPC监测，并与设施工作人员分享了结果。但只有9%的人使用监测数据进行改进；93%的人可以访问微生物实验室进行HAI监测，但只有一家医院进行了标准化定义和系统数据收集的HAI监测.35％的医院在所有病房中保持了至少1m的足够床间距；在62％和38％的医院中，手部卫生站提供了肥皂和纸巾，分别。
结论：现有的IPC程序，基础设施,IPC人员配备，哈萨克斯坦医院内的工作量和用品允许实施有效的IPC。根据建议的世卫组织IPC核心组成部分制定和传播IPC指南，改进的IPC培训系统，和实施IPC实践的系统监测将是在设施中实施有针对性的IPC改进计划的重要第一步。
方法：2021年，世界卫生组织（WHO）的IPC核心组成部分和最低要求在17个行政区的78家随机选择的医院使用适应的WHO工具进行了评估。这项研究包括现场评估，接下来是对320名医院工作人员的结构化访谈，IPC实践的验证观察，和文件审查。
结果：所有医院都至少有一名专门的IPC工作人员，76%的IPC员工接受过任何正式的IPC培训；95%的人建立了IPC委员会，54%的人有年度IPC工作计划；92%的人有任何IPC指南；55%的人在过去12个月进行了任何IPC监测，并与设施工作人员分享了结果。但只有9%的人使用监测数据进行改进；93%的人可以访问微生物实验室进行HAI监测，但只有一家医院进行了标准化定义和系统数据收集的HAI监测.35％的医院在所有病房中保持了至少1m的足够床间距；在62％和38％的医院中，手部卫生站提供了肥皂和纸巾，分别。
结论：现有的IPC程序，基础设施,IPC人员配备，哈萨克斯坦医院内的工作量和用品允许实施有效的IPC。根据建议的世卫组织IPC核心组成部分制定和传播IPC指南，改进的IPC培训系统，和实施IPC实践的系统监测将是在设施中实施有针对性的IPC改进计划的重要第一步。
