Abstract：
The major and upward trend in the number of published research related to rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases, in which artificial intelligence plays a key role, has exhibited the interest of rheumatology researchers in using these techniques to answer their research questions. In this review, we analyse the original research articles that combine both worlds in a five- year period (2017-2021). In contrast to other published papers on the same topic, we first studied the review and recommendation articles that were published during that period, including up to October 2022, as well as the publication trends. Secondly, we review the published research articles and classify them into one of the following categories: disease identification and prediction, disease classification, patient stratification and disease subtype identification, disease progression and activity, treatment response, and predictors of outcomes. Thirdly, we provide a table with illustrative studies in which artificial intelligence techniques have played a central role in more than twenty rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. Finally, the findings of the research articles, in terms of disease and/or data science techniques employed, are highlighted in a discussion. Therefore, the present review aims to characterise how researchers are applying data science techniques in the rheumatology medical field. The most immediate conclusions that can be drawn from this work are: multiple and novel data science techniques have been used in a wide range of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases including rare diseases; the sample size and the data type used are heterogeneous, and new technical approaches are expected to arrive in the short-middle term.
摘要：
与风湿病和肌肉骨骼疾病有关的已发表研究数量的主要和上升趋势，其中人工智能起着关键作用，展示了风湿病学研究人员使用这些技术来回答他们的研究问题的兴趣。在这次审查中,我们分析了在五年期间（2017-2021年）将两个世界结合起来的原始研究文章。与其他关于同一主题的已发表论文相比，我们首先研究了在此期间发表的评论和推荐文章，包括截至2022年10月的发布趋势。其次,我们回顾了已发表的研究文章，并将其分为以下类别之一：疾病识别和预测，疾病分类,患者分层和疾病亚型识别，疾病进展和活动，治疗反应,和结果的预测因素。第三，我们提供了一个表格，其中有说明性的研究，人工智能技术在超过20种风湿性和肌肉骨骼疾病中发挥了核心作用。最后,研究文章的发现，就所采用的疾病和/或数据科学技术而言，在讨论中突出显示。因此,本综述旨在描述研究人员如何在风湿病医学领域应用数据科学技术。从这项工作中可以得出的最直接的结论是：多种新颖的数据科学技术已用于广泛的风湿性和肌肉骨骼疾病，包括罕见疾病；样本量和使用的数据类型是异质的，新的技术方法有望在中短期内到来。
