PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This thorough study analyses the amounts of 43 minerals and trace elements in non-traditional wheat grains, flakes, and undigested flake portions using ICP-MS and establishes declines in their respective contents after the flake production. It also identifies appropriate dietary intakes, in vitro digestibility values, retention factors, and metal pollution indexes. The element contents in wheat flakes are lower than in wheat grains after the hydrothermal treatment process, and their declines are: Na (48-72%), Ce (47-72%), Sr (43-55%), Tl (33-43%), Ti (32-41%), U (31-44%), Ho (29-69%), Cr (26-64%), Zr (26-58%), Ag (25-52%), and Ca (25-46%). The flakes significantly contributed to the recommended dietary intake or adequate intake of particular elements for men of all categories as follows: Mn (143%) > Mo > Cu > Mg ≥ Cr > Fe (16%); for women: Mn (up to 183%) > Mo > Cu > Cr ≥ Mg > Fe (7-16%); for pregnant women aged 19-30: Mn (165%) > Mo > Cu > Mg > Cr (25%); and finally, for lactating women: Mn (127%) > Mo > Cu > Mg > Cr (17%). The contributions to the provisional tolerable weekly or monthly intakes of all toxic elements were established as being within the official limits. The daily intakes for non-essential elements were also calculated. The retention factors were calculated to assess the element concentrations in the undigested part using the digestibility values (87.4-90.5%). The highest retention factors were obtained for V (63-92%), Y (57-96%), Ce (43-76%), Pb (34-58%), Tl (32-70%), Ta (31-66%), and Ge (30-49%). K, Mg, P, Zn, Ba, Bi, Ga, Sb, Cu, Ni, and As appear to be released easily from flake matrices during digestion. The metal pollution index has been confirmed as being lower for non-traditional wheat flakes when compared with grains. Importantly, 15-25% of the metal pollution index assessed for native flakes remains in the undigested flake portion after in vitro digestion.
摘要：
这项深入研究分析了非传统小麦籽粒中43种矿物质和微量元素的含量，薄片,使用ICP-MS和未消化的薄片部分，并在薄片生产后确定其各自含量的下降。它还确定了适当的饮食摄入量，体外消化率值，保留因子，和金属污染指数。经过水热处理后，小麦薄片中的元素含量低于小麦籽粒中的元素含量，他们的跌幅是：Na（48-72%），Ce（47-72%），高级（43-55%），Tl（33-43%），钛（32-41%），U（31-44%），Ho（29-69%），Cr(26-64%),Zr(26-58%),Ag(25-52%),和Ca（25-46％）。对于所有类别的男性，这些薄片显着促进了推荐的饮食摄入量或特定元素的充足摄入量，如下所示：Mn（143％）>Mo>Cu>Mg≥Cr>Fe（16％）；对于女性：Mn（高达183％）>Mo>Cu>Cr≥Mg>Fe（7-16％）；对于19-30岁的孕妇：Mn（165％）>Mo>Cu>Mg>Cr（25％）；哺乳期妇女：Mn（127％）>Mo>Cu>Mg>Cr（17％）。对所有有毒元素的每周或每月临时可容忍摄入量的贡献被确定为在官方限制范围内。还计算了非必要元素的每日摄入量。使用消化率值（87.4-90.5％）计算保留因子以评估未消化部分中的元素浓度。V获得了最高的保留因子(63-92%)，Y（57-96%），Ce（43-76%），铅（34-58%），Tl（32-70%），Ta（31-66%），和Ge（30-49％）。K,Mg,P,Zn,Ba,Bi,Ga,Sb,Cu,Ni,和As似乎在消化过程中容易从薄片基质中释放。与谷物相比，非传统小麦薄片的金属污染指数已被证实较低。重要的是,在体外消化后，对天然薄片评估的金属污染指数的15-25％保留在未消化的薄片部分中。
