PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This qualitative study examines how youth and adult members of 4-H Shooting Sports clubs perceive firearm injury risk and risk reduction, and the applicability of a bystander intervention (BI) risk reduction framework in this community. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 11 youth and 13 adult members of 4-H Shooting Sports clubs across nine US states from March to December of 2021 until thematic saturation was reached. Deductive and inductive thematic qualitative analyses were performed. Six overarching themes emerged: (1) The tendency to view firearm injury as predominantly unintentional in nature; (2) Acknowledgment of a wide array of risks for firearm injury; (3) Perceived barriers to bystander action to prevent firearm injury including knowledge, confidence, and consequences of action; (4) Facilitators of bystander action including a sense of civic responsibility; (5) Direct and indirect strategies to address potential risks for firearm injury; and (6) Belief that BI skills training would be useful for 4-H Shooting Sports. Findings lay the groundwork for applying BI skills training as an approach to firearm injury prevention in 4-H Shooting Sports, similar to how BI has been applied to other types of injury (i.e., sexual assault). 4-H Shooting Sports club members\' sense of civic responsibility is a key facilitator. Prevention efforts should attend to the broad array of ways in which firearm injury occurs, including suicide, mass shootings, homicide, and intimate partner violence, as well as unintentional injury.
摘要：
这项定性研究检查了4-H射击运动俱乐部的青年和成人成员如何看待枪支伤害风险和降低风险，以及旁观者干预(BI)风险降低框架在该社区的适用性。从2021年3月至12月，对美国9个州的4-H射击运动俱乐部的11名青年和13名成年成员进行了半结构化采访，直到主题达到饱和。进行了演绎和归纳主题定性分析。出现了六个总体主题：（1）倾向于认为枪支伤害本质上主要是无意的；（2）认识到枪支伤害的各种风险；（3）旁观者采取行动防止枪支伤害的障碍，包括知识，信心,和行动的后果；（4）旁观者行动的促进者，包括公民责任感；（5）解决枪支伤害潜在风险的直接和间接策略；（6）相信BI技能培训将对4-H射击运动有用。研究结果为在4-H射击运动中应用BI技能培训作为预防枪支伤害的方法奠定了基础，类似于BI如何应用于其他类型的伤害(即，性侵犯）。4-H射击运动俱乐部成员的公民责任感是一个关键的促进者。预防工作应注意枪支伤害发生的各种方式，包括自杀,大规模枪击事件,凶杀案,亲密伴侣暴力，以及意外伤害。
