PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
We investigated the plasma levels of pesticides components namely polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dieldrin, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), ethion, malathion, and chlorpyrifos in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) cases, and tested their associations with placental oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers [nitric oxide (NO.), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)] and with placental apoptotic/antiapoptotic indices (Bcl-2 and caspase-3), and evaluated their possible cut-off points to distinguish RPL cases. The study recruited 101 pregnant women divided into; G1 [n = 49, control, normal 1st-trimester pregnancy, normal obstetric history with at least one previous normal live birth], G2 [n = 26, cases with missed abortion (< 3 abortions) before 24 weeks of gestation], and G3 [n = 26, cases with missed abortion (≥ 3 abortions) before 24 weeks of gestation]. The plasma pesticide levels were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Plasma human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), placental OS, Bcl-2, and caspase-3, were analyzed by their corresponding methods and kits. Plasma PCBs, DDE, dieldrin, and ethion levels were significantly higher in RPL cases than in normal pregnancies (p ≤ 0.001). These levels correlated positively with placental OS and apoptosis and negatively with plasma HCG levels. Also, these levels were reliable markers of risk to RPL. Malathion and chlorpyrifos were not detected in any of the study\'s participants. Pesticides may be risk factors in cases of spontaneous RPL cases. They are associated with an increasing placental OS and placental apoptosis. Specific measures should be taken to decrease maternal exposure to these pollutants\' sources, especially in underdeveloped and developing countries.
摘要：
我们调查了农药成分的血浆水平，即多氯联苯(PCBs)，狄氏剂,二氯二苯基二氯乙烯(DDE),ethion,马拉硫磷,和毒死蜱在复发性妊娠丢失（RPL）病例中，并测试了它们与胎盘氧化应激（OS）生物标志物[一氧化氮（NO。),硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质（TBARS），还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH），和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）]和胎盘凋亡/抗凋亡指数（Bcl-2和caspase-3），并评估了它们可能的分界点以区分RPL病例。该研究招募了101名孕妇，分为G1[n=49，对照，正常的妊娠早期,正常产科病史，至少有一次正常活产]，G2[n=26例，妊娠24周前流产（<3次流产）]，和G3[n=26，妊娠前24周的稽留流产（≥3次流产）]。通过气相色谱-质谱法分析血浆农药水平。血浆人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG),胎盘OS,通过相应的方法和试剂盒分析Bcl-2和caspase-3。等离子多氯联苯，DDE,狄氏剂,RPL病例的乙硫离子水平明显高于正常妊娠(p≤0.001)。这些水平与胎盘OS和细胞凋亡呈正相关，与血浆HCG水平呈负相关。此外，这些水平是RPL风险的可靠标志物.在任何研究参与者中均未检测到马拉硫磷和毒死蜱。农药可能是自发性RPL病例的危险因素。它们与胎盘OS和胎盘凋亡增加有关。应采取具体措施减少产妇接触这些污染物的来源，特别是在不发达国家和发展中国家。
