PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Demodex blepharitis is a common disease of the eyelid, affecting approximately 25 million Americans. This article reviews what is known about the mechanisms and impact of Demodex blepharitis, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnostic techniques, current management options, and emerging treatments. Demodex mites contribute to blepharitis in several ways: direct mechanical damage, as a vector for bacteria, and by inducing hypersensitivity and inflammation. Risk factors for Demodex blepharitis include increasing age, rosacea, and diabetes. The costs, symptom burden, and psychosocial effects of Demodex blepharitis are considerable. The presence of collarettes is pathognomonic for Demodex blepharitis. Redness, dryness, discomfort, foreign body sensation, lash anomalies, and itching are also hallmarks of the disease. Although a number of oral, topical, eyelid hygiene and device-based options have been used clinically and evaluated in studies for the management of Demodex blepharitis, none have been FDA approved to treat the disease. Recent randomized controlled clinical trials suggest that lotilaner ophthalmic solution, 0.25%, is a topical treatment with the potential to eradicate Demodex mites and eliminate collarettes and eyelid redness for an extended period.
摘要：
■蠕形螨眼睑炎是一种常见的眼睑疾病，影响了大约2500万美国人。本文回顾了蠕形螨的机制和影响，危险因素，症状和体征,诊断技术,当前的管理选项，和新兴的治疗方法。蠕形螨以多种方式导致眼睑炎：直接机械损伤，作为细菌的媒介，通过诱导超敏反应和炎症。蠕形螨眼睑炎的危险因素包括年龄增加，酒渣鼻,和糖尿病。成本,症状负担，蠕形螨眼睑炎的社会心理影响是相当大的。衣领的存在是蠕形螨眼睑炎的病理特征。发红,干燥度,不适,异物感,间隙异常,瘙痒也是这种疾病的标志。虽然一些口头，topic,眼睑卫生和基于设备的选择已在临床上使用，并在蠕形螨的管理研究中进行了评估，没有一个FDA批准用于治疗该疾病。最近的随机对照临床试验表明，lotilaner眼用溶液，0.25%,是一种局部治疗方法，有可能根除蠕形螨螨，并长时间消除眼圈和眼睑发红。
