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Abstract：
Infant health problems are a persistent concern across the United States, disproportionally affecting socioeconomically vulnerable communities. We investigate how inequalities in infant health contribute to differences in interneighborhood commuting mobility and shape neighborhoods\' embeddedness in the citywide structure of employment networks in Chicago over a 14-year period. We use the Census Bureau\'s Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics\' Origin-Destination Employment Statistics to analyze commuting networks between 2002 and 2015. Results from longitudinal network analyses indicate two main patterns. First, after the Great Recession, a community\'s infant health problems began to significantly predict isolation from the citywide employment network. Second, pairwise dissimilarity in infant health problems predicts a lower likelihood of mobility ties between communities throughout the entire study period. The findings suggest that infant health problems present a fundamental barrier for communities in equally accessing the full range of jobs and opportunities across the city-compounding existing inequalities.
摘要：
婴儿健康问题是美国各地持续关注的问题，不成比例地影响社会经济脆弱的社区。我们调查了在14年的时间里，婴儿健康的不平等如何导致社区间通勤流动性的差异，并塑造了社区在芝加哥全市就业网络结构中的嵌入性。我们使用人口普查局的纵向雇主-家庭动态\“原产地-目的地就业统计数据来分析2002年至2015年之间的通勤网络。纵向网络分析的结果表明有两种主要模式。首先,大萧条之后,一个社区的婴儿健康问题开始显著预测与全市就业网络的隔离。第二,在整个研究期间，婴儿健康问题的成对差异预测社区之间流动性联系的可能性较低。研究结果表明，婴儿健康问题是社区在整个城市平等获得各种工作和机会的根本障碍，加剧了现有的不平等现象。
