PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Bioactive lipophilic compounds were investigated in 14 leguminous tree species of timber, agroforestry, medicinal or ornamental use but little industrial significance to elucidate their potential in food additive and supplement production. The tree species investigated were: Acacia auriculiformis, Acacia concinna, Albizia lebbeck, Albizia odoratissima, Bauhinia racemosa, Cassia fistula, Dalbergia latifolia, Delonix regia, Entada phaseoloides, Hardwickia binata, Peltophorum pterocarpum, Senegalia catechu, Sesbania sesban and Vachellia nilotica. The hexane-extracted oils of ripe seeds were chromatographically analysed for their fatty acid composition (GC-MS), tocochromanol (RP-HPLC/FLD), squalene and sterol (GC-FID) content. A spectrophotometrical method was used to determine total carotenoid content. The results showed generally low oil yield (1.75-17.53%); the highest was from H. binata. Linoleic acid constituted the largest proportion in all samples (40.78 to 62.28% of total fatty acids), followed by oleic (14.57-34.30%) and palmitic (5.14-23.04%) acid. The total tocochromanol content ranged from 100.3 to 367.6 mg 100 g-1 oil. D. regia was the richest and the only to contain significant amount of tocotrienols while other oils contained almost exclusively tocopherols, dominated by either α-tocopherol or γ-tocopherol. The total carotenoid content was highest in A. auriculiformis (23.77 mg 100 g-1), S. sesban (23.57 mg 100 g-1) and A. odoratissima (20.37 mg 100 g-1), and ranged from 0.7 to 23.7 mg 100 g-1 oil. The total sterol content ranged from 240.84 to 2543 mg 100 g-1; A. concinna seed oil was the richest by a wide margin; however, its oil yield was very low (1.75%). Either β-sitosterol or Δ5-stigmasterol dominated the sterol fraction. Only C. fistula oil contained a significant amount of squalene (303.1 mg 100 g-1) but was limited by the low oil yield as an industrial source of squalene. In conclusion, A. auriculiformis seeds may hold potential for the production of carotenoid-rich oil, and H. binata seed oil has relatively high yield and tocopherol content, marking it as a potential source of these compounds.
摘要：
在14种豆科木材中研究了生物活性亲脂性化合物，农林业,药用或观赏用途，但对阐明其在食品添加剂和补充剂生产中的潜力几乎没有工业意义。调查的树种是：金合欢，相思，AlbiziaLebbeck,Albiziaododatissima，紫荆花,决明子瘘,黄菊,Delonixregia,Entadaphaseoloides,Hardwickiabinata,云杉，SenegaliaCatechu，Sesbaniasesban和Vachellianilotica。用色谱法分析了成熟种子的己烷提取油的脂肪酸组成（GC-MS），生育色原醇（RP-HPLC/FLD），角鲨烯和甾醇(GC-FID)含量。采用分光光度法测定总类胡萝卜素含量。结果表明，油产率普遍较低（1.75-17.53％）；最高的是H.binata。亚油酸在所有样品中所占比例最大（占总脂肪酸的40.78％至62.28％）。其次是油酸(14.57-34.30%)和棕榈酸(5.14-23.04%)。生育苯并二醇的总含量为100.3至367.6mg100g-1油。D.regia是最丰富的，唯一含有大量的生育三烯酚，而其他油几乎只含有生育酚，以α-生育酚或γ-生育酚为主。总的类胡萝卜素含量最高的是A.auriculiformis（23.77mg100g-1），S.sesban（23.57mg100g-1）和A.ododatissima（20.37mg100g-1），范围为0.7至23.7mg100g-1油。总甾醇含量为240.84至2543mg100g-1；A.concinna种子油是最丰富的；但是，其油收率非常低(1.75%)。β-谷甾醇或Δ5-豆甾醇占甾醇部分的主导地位。只有C.瘘管油含有大量的角鲨烯（303.1mg100g-1），但由于作为角鲨烯的工业来源而受到低油产量的限制。总之,A.auriculiformis种子可能具有生产富含类胡萝卜素的油的潜力，和H.binata种子油具有相对较高的产量和生育酚含量，将其标记为这些化合物的潜在来源。
