PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Triazole fungicides are widely used in agricultural production for plant protection, including pea (Pisum sativum L.). The use of fungicides can negatively affect the legume-Rhizobium symbiosis. In this study, the effects of triazole fungicides Vintage and Titul Duo on nodule formation and, in particular, on nodule morphology, were studied. Both fungicides at the highest concentration decreased the nodule number and dry weight of the roots 20 days after inoculation. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the following ultrastructural changes in nodules: modifications in the cell walls (their clearing and thinning), thickening of the infection thread walls with the formation of outgrowths, accumulation of poly-β-hydroxybutyrates in bacteroids, expansion of the peribacteroid space, and fusion of symbiosomes. Fungicides Vintage and Titul Duo negatively affect the composition of cell walls, leading to a decrease in the activity of synthesis of cellulose microfibrils and an increase in the number of matrix polysaccharides of cell walls. The results obtained coincide well with the data of transcriptomic analysis, which revealed an increase in the expression levels of genes that control cell wall modification and defense reactions. The data obtained indicate the need for further research on the effects of pesticides on the legume-Rhizobium symbiosis in order to optimize their use.
摘要：
三唑类杀菌剂在农业生产中广泛用于植物保护，包括豌豆（PisumsativumL.）。杀真菌剂的使用会对豆类-根瘤菌共生产生负面影响。在这项研究中,三唑类杀菌剂Vintage和TitulDuo对结节形成的影响，特别是,结节形态，被研究过。接种20天后，两种最高浓度的杀菌剂均降低了根瘤数和根的干重。透射电子显微镜显示结节的以下超微结构变化：细胞壁的修饰（它们的清除和变薄），随着外植体的形成，感染线壁的增厚，聚β-羟基丁酸酯在类细菌中的积累，扩大类细菌的空间，和共生体的融合。杀菌剂Vintage和TitulDuo会对细胞壁的组成产生负面影响，导致纤维素微纤丝合成活性降低，细胞壁基质多糖数量增加。获得的结果与转录组学分析的数据非常吻合，这揭示了控制细胞壁修饰和防御反应的基因表达水平的增加。获得的数据表明，需要进一步研究农药对豆科植物-根瘤菌共生的影响，以优化其使用。
