PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Envenomation caused by venomous animals may trigger significant local complications such as pain, edema, localized hemorrhage, and tissue necrosis, in addition to complications such as dermonecrosis, myonecrosis, and even amputations. This systematic review aims to evaluate scientific evidence on therapies used to target local effects caused by envenomation. The PubMed, MEDLINE, and LILACS databases were used to perform a literature search on the topic. The review was based on studies that cited procedures performed on local injuries following envenomation with the aim of being an adjuvant therapeutic strategy. The literature regarding local treatments used following envenomation reports the use of several alternative methods and/or therapies. The venomous animals found in the search were snakes (82.05%), insects (2.56%), spiders (2.56%), scorpions (2.56%), and others (jellyfish, centipede, sea urchin-10.26%). In regard to the treatments, the use of tourniquets, corticosteroids, antihistamines, and cryotherapy is questionable, as well as the use of plants and oils. Low-intensity lasers stand out as a possible therapeutic tool for these injuries. Local complications can progress to serious conditions and may result in physical disabilities and sequelae. This study compiled information on adjuvant therapeutic measures and underscores the importance of more robust scientific evidence for recommendations that act on local effects together with the antivenom.
摘要：
有毒动物引起的毒害可能引发明显的局部并发症，如疼痛，水肿,局部出血,组织坏死,除了皮肤坏死等并发症，心肌坏死,甚至截肢.本系统综述旨在评估用于靶向毒液引起的局部效应的疗法的科学证据。PubMed,MEDLINE,和LILACS数据库用于对该主题进行文献检索。该综述是基于引用了对注射后局部损伤进行的手术的研究，目的是作为辅助治疗策略。关于注射后使用的局部治疗的文献报道了几种替代方法和/或疗法的使用。搜寻中发现的有毒动物为蛇(82.05%),昆虫(2.56%)，蜘蛛(2.56%),蝎子(2.56%)，和其他人（水母，cent,海胆-10.26%）。关于治疗,使用止血带,皮质类固醇,抗组胺药,冷冻疗法值得怀疑，以及植物和油的使用。低强度激光是治疗这些损伤的可能工具。局部并发症可发展为严重状况，并可能导致身体残疾和后遗症。这项研究收集了有关辅助治疗措施的信息，并强调了更可靠的科学证据对于建议与抗蛇毒血清一起作用于局部效应的重要性。
