PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Thyroid hormone disorders are both congenital as well as acquired. According to a projection from several studies on thyroid diseases, it has been estimated that about 42 million people in India suffer from various kind of thyroid diseases (1) Thyroid hormone is closely associated with the development of the cognitive functions, thus deficiency of this hormone is said to have effect an overall impact on proper functioning of the body. The normal functioning of the thyroid gland and adequate levels in the blood are Needed for the formation and functioning of the middle ear, inner ear and the central auditory pathway. Thus, congenital hypothyroidism (CH) can be a potential risk factor for hearing impairment (2) if the hormones decrease or are absent during the development of the peripheral and central auditory system structures. This study was undertaken with the objective of studying the pattern of hearing loss in patients who have a deranged thyroid profile. The study was conducted among 50 patients who were known cases of thyroid disorder in the Otorhinolaryngology Department of our institute. The study was hospital based observational clinical study. The patients were subjected to thyroid profile test After this, those who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included, after detailed history and examination, patients were subjected to PTA, hearing loss was classified according to WHO guidelines. The age group of the patients was from 30-55 yrs. with the mean age being 42. On the basis of the t3, t4 and tsh levels, in the current study out of 50 patients,40 were hypothyroid (80%),with male to female ratio of 6:4. On pure tone audiometry, 15 patients had decreased hearing. The other 25 had normal hearing. The incidence of hearing loss in hypothyoroid patients in our study is 37.5%. On analaysis the PTA reports of these patients,9 patients (22.5%) had conductive hearing loss of mild variety, the mean value of hearing loss being 26.2 decibels. 2 (5%) patients had mixed variety of hearing loss, with sensorineural hearing loss at higher frequencies. All the remaining patients had sensorineural type of hearing loss, i.e., 10%. Of the 10 patients, that have hyperthyroidism 8 were female and 2 were male. 3 patients (30%) had hearing loss, all these 3 patients reported hearing losses at high frequencies and had moderate type of sensorineural hearing loss. Conclusion- From our current study, we could see that hearing loss is present in both extremes of thyroid hormone imbalance The dominant variety of hearing loss in thyroid disorder is sensorineural type, because thyroid hormone imbalance affects the inner ear function.
摘要：
甲状腺激素疾病既是先天性的，也是获得性的。根据几项甲状腺疾病研究的预测，据估计，印度约有4200万人患有各种甲状腺疾病(1)甲状腺激素与认知功能的发展密切相关，因此，据说这种激素的缺乏会对身体的正常运作产生整体影响。甲状腺的正常功能和血液中足够的水平需要中耳的形成和功能，内耳和中枢听觉通路。因此，先天性甲状腺功能减退症（CH）可能是听力障碍的潜在危险因素（2）如果在周围和中枢听觉系统结构的发育过程中激素减少或缺失。进行这项研究的目的是研究甲状腺功能紊乱的患者的听力损失模式。该研究是在我们研究所耳鼻咽喉科已知的50例甲状腺疾病患者中进行的。该研究是基于医院的观察性临床研究。之后对患者进行甲状腺检查,那些符合纳入和排除标准并被纳入的人，经过详细的历史和检查，患者接受PTA，听力损失根据WHO指南进行分类.患者的年龄为30-55岁。平均年龄是42岁.在t3、t4和tsh电平的基础上，在目前的50名患者的研究中，40人甲状腺功能减退（80%），男女比例为6:4。在纯音测听法上，15例患者听力下降。另外25人听力正常。在我们的研究中，甲状腺功能减退患者的听力损失发生率为37.5％。在分析这些患者的PTA报告时，9例患者（22.5%）有轻度的传导性听力损失，听力损失的平均值为26.2分贝。2例(5%)患者有多种混合听力损失，更高频率的感觉神经性听力损失。其余病人都有感音神经性听力损失,即，10%。在10个病人中,患有甲状腺功能亢进症的8例为女性，2例为男性。3名患者（30%）有听力损失，所有这3例患者均报告了高频听力损失,并且有中度的感音神经性听力损失.结论-从我们目前的研究来看，我们可以看到甲状腺激素失衡的两个极端都存在听力损失。甲状腺疾病中听力损失的主要种类是感觉神经性类型，因为甲状腺激素失衡影响内耳功能。
