Abstract：
Consistently not responding to appetitive foods during food go/no-go training could change individuals\' food choices and sometimes even body weight, however, fewer studies have explored the neural pathways underlying the effects of food go/no-go training. In this study, we scanned eighty-six female participants using functional magnetic resonance imaging and investigated the neural bases of preference changes in a binary food choice task following action (e.g., go) or inaction (e.g., no-go) toward distinct foods within a food go/no-go training paradigm. In line with prior behavioral work, we found that participants\' food preferences changed as a function of food go/no-go training, with participants choosing more \"go\" over \"no-go\" foods for consumption following training. At a neural level, preference changes were inversely associated with frontoparietal and salience network activity when choosing go (vs. no-go) foods. Additionally, task-related functional connectivities from the inferior parietal lobule to the pre-supplementary motor cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex were related to these preference changes. Together, current work supports that food go/no-go training reliably changes people\'s preferences. More importantly, our findings suggest that a neural pathway centered on areas traditionally associated with selective attention may interface with prefrontal regions to guide preference changes induced by food go/no-go training, though future studies using other tasks (e.g., passive viewing tasks) are still needed to test this potential neural mechanism.
摘要：
在食物选择/不进行训练期间，持续不对食欲食物做出反应可能会改变个人的食物选择，有时甚至会改变体重，然而,很少有研究探索食物去/不去训练的影响的神经通路。在这项研究中,我们使用功能磁共振成像扫描了86名女性参与者，并调查了行动后二元食物选择任务中偏好变化的神经基础(例如，去)或不作为(例如，no-go)在食物go/no-go训练范式中朝向不同的食物。根据之前的行为工作，我们发现参与者的食物偏好随着食物训练的变化而变化，参与者在训练后选择更多的“去”而不是“不去”的食物供消费。在神经层面，选择Go时，偏好变化与额顶和显著性网络活动呈负相关(vs.no-go)foods.此外,从下顶叶小叶到补充前运动皮层的任务相关功能连接，背外侧前额叶皮质,和背侧前扣带回皮质与这些偏好变化有关。一起,目前的工作支持食物去/不去培训可靠地改变人们的偏好。更重要的是,我们的发现表明，以传统上与选择性注意力相关的区域为中心的神经通路可能与前额叶区域相互作用，以指导食物进行/不进行训练引起的偏好变化。尽管未来的研究使用其他任务(例如，被动观看任务）仍然需要测试这种潜在的神经机制。
