PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The present study surveyed actual extensive users of SAE Level 2 partially automated cars to investigate how driver’s characteristics (i.e., socio-demographics, driving experience, personality), system performance, perceived safety, and trust in partial automation influence use of partial automation. 81% of respondents stated that they use their automated car with speed (ACC) and steering assist (LKA) at least 1–2 times a week, and 84 and 92% activate LKA and ACC at least occasionally. Respondents positively rated the performance of Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) and Lane Keeping Assistance (LKA). ACC was rated higher than LKA and detection of lead vehicles and lane markings was rated higher than smooth control for ACC and LKA, respectively. Respondents reported to primarily disengage (i.e., turn off) partial automation due to a lack of trust in the system and when driving is fun. They rarely disengaged the system when they noticed they become bored or sleepy. Structural equation modelling revealed that trust had a positive effect on driver’s propensity for secondary task engagement during partially automated driving, while the effect of perceived safety was not significant. Regarding driver’s characteristics, we did not find a significant effect of age on perceived safety and trust in partial automation. Neuroticism negatively correlated with perceived safety and trust, while extraversion did not impact perceived safety and trust. The remaining three personality dimensions ‘openness’, ‘conscientiousness’, and ‘agreeableness’ did not form valid and reliable scales in the confirmatory factor analysis, and could thus not be subjected to the structural equation modelling analysis. Future research should re-assess the suitability of the short 10-item scale as measure of the Big-Five personality traits, and investigate the impact on perceived safety, trust, use and use of automation.
摘要：
本研究调查了SAE2级部分自动驾驶汽车的实际广泛用户，以调查驾驶员的特征(即，社会人口统计学，驾驶体验,个性)，系统性能,感知的安全性，对部分自动化的信任会影响部分自动化的使用。81％的受访者表示，他们每周至少使用具有速度（ACC）和转向辅助（LKA）的自动驾驶汽车1-2次，84%和92%至少偶尔激活LKA和ACC。受访者积极评价自适应巡航控制（ACC）和车道保持辅助（LKA）的性能。ACC的评级高于LKA，并且对领头车辆和车道标记的检测的评级高于ACC和LKA的平滑控制，分别。受访者报告主要脱离接触(即，关闭)由于对系统缺乏信任和驾驶乐趣而导致的部分自动化。当他们注意到自己变得无聊或困倦时，他们很少脱离系统。结构方程模型显示，在部分自动驾驶过程中，信任对驾驶员的次要任务参与倾向有积极影响。而感知安全性的影响并不显著。关于司机的特点，我们没有发现年龄对部分自动化的感知安全性和信任有显著影响.神经质与感知的安全和信任呈负相关，而外向性不会影响感知的安全性和信任。剩下的三个人格维度“开放性”，“尽责”，在验证性因子分析中，“一致性”没有形成有效和可靠的量表，因此不能进行结构方程建模分析。未来的研究应该重新评估简短的10项量表的适用性，作为衡量大五人格特质，并调查对感知安全的影响，信任,自动化的使用和使用。
