PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This study aimed to assess the markers of chemical and microbiological contamination of the air at sport centers (e.g., the fitness center in Poland) including the determination of particulate matter, CO2, formaldehyde (DustTrak™ DRX Aerosol Monitor; Multi-functional Air Quality Detector), volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration (headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry), the number of microorganisms in the air (culture methods), and microbial biodiversity (high-throughput sequencing on the Illumina platform). Additionally the number of microorganisms and the presence of SARS-CoV-2 (PCR) on the surfaces was determined. Total particle concentration varied between 0.0445 mg m-3 and 0.0841 mg m-3 with the dominance (99.65-99.99%) of the PM2.5 fraction. The CO2 concentration ranged from 800 ppm to 2198 ppm, while the formaldehyde concentration was from 0.005 mg/m3 to 0.049 mg m-3. A total of 84 VOCs were identified in the air collected from the gym. Phenol, D-limonene, toluene, and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol dominated in the air at the tested facilities. The average daily number of bacteria was 7.17 × 102 CFU m-3-1.68 × 103 CFU m-3, while the number of fungi was 3.03 × 103 CFU m-3-7.34 × 103 CFU m-3. In total, 422 genera of bacteria and 408 genera of fungi representing 21 and 11 phyla, respectively, were detected in the gym. The most abundant bacteria and fungi (>1%) that belonged to the second and third groups of health hazards were: Escherichia-Shigella, Corynebacterium, Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Cladosporium, Aspergillus, and Penicillium. In addition, other species that may be allergenic (Epicoccum) or infectious (Acinetobacter, Sphingomonas, Sporobolomyces) were present in the air. Moreover, the SARS-CoV-2 virus was detected on surfaces in the gym. The monitoring proposal for the assessment of the air quality at a sport center includes the following markers: total particle concentration with the PM2.5 fraction, CO2 concentration, VOCs (phenol, toluene, and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol), and the number of bacteria and fungi.
摘要：
这项研究旨在评估运动中心空气的化学和微生物污染的标志物(例如，波兰的健身中心)，包括颗粒物的测定，CO2，甲醛（DustTrak™DRX气溶胶监测仪；多功能空气质量检测仪），挥发性有机化合物（VOC）浓度（顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法），空气中微生物的数量（培养方法），和微生物生物多样性（Illumina平台上的高通量测序）。此外,测定微生物的数量和表面上SARS-CoV-2(PCR)的存在。总颗粒浓度在0.0445mgm-3和0.0841mgm-3之间变化，占PM2.5分数的主导地位（99.65-99.99％）。CO2浓度范围从800ppm到2198ppm,而甲醛浓度为0.005mg/m3至0.049mgm-3。从健身房收集的空气中总共鉴定出84种VOC。苯酚,D-柠檬烯,甲苯,在测试设施中，2-乙基-1-己醇在空气中占主导地位。平均日细菌数量为7.17×102CFUm-3-1.68×103CFUm-3，而真菌数量为3.03×103CFUm-3-7.34×103CFUm-3。总的来说,代表21门和11门的细菌422属和真菌408属，分别,在健身房被发现。属于第二和第三组健康危害的最丰富的细菌和真菌（>1％）是：大肠杆菌-志贺氏菌，棒状杆菌,芽孢杆菌,葡萄球菌,枝孢霉,曲霉菌,和青霉菌。此外,其他可能是过敏性（Epicoccum）或传染性（不动杆菌，鞘氨醇单胞菌,孢子菌属）存在于空气中。此外，SARS-CoV-2病毒在健身房的表面被检测到。体育中心空气质量评估的监测建议包括以下标记：总颗粒浓度与PM2.5分数，CO2浓度,VOCs(苯酚，甲苯,和2-乙基-1-己醇），以及细菌和真菌的数量。
