PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The purpose of this study is to establish the efficacy of Yonsei point in the treatment of a gummy smile in a White South African population. The accurate surface anatomy criteria in relation to the underlying musculature for the administration of Botulinum toxin injections in the treatment of gummy smile was determined.
Nineteen (10 males and 9 females) cadavers were selected for facial dissection. Facial profile photographs were taken before and after dissection. The before and after photographs were overlayed to determine where the pin positions should be on the dissected cadaver to determine the Yonsei point. The levator labii superioris (LLS), LLS alaeque nasi (LLSAN), zygomaticus minor, and zygomaticus major muscles were measured using a protractor and ruler, which accounted for the manual measurements. Digital measurements were measured by importing dissected images into ImageJ. Circles with a 2 cm diameter (1 cm radius) were constructed to determine whether the Yonsei point could successfully influence muscles fibers.
Digital and manual measurements show comparable results with high correlation and reliability. Results showed that the White South African population had narrower facial musculature angles as compared with the Korean population.
Based on the selected sample, the Yonsei point is an ineffective injection site for the successful treatment of gummy smile in a White South African population.
Nineteen (10 males and 9 females) cadavers were selected for facial dissection. Facial profile photographs were taken before and after dissection. The before and after photographs were overlayed to determine where the pin positions should be on the dissected cadaver to determine the Yonsei point. The levator labii superioris (LLS), LLS alaeque nasi (LLSAN), zygomaticus minor, and zygomaticus major muscles were measured using a protractor and ruler, which accounted for the manual measurements. Digital measurements were measured by importing dissected images into ImageJ. Circles with a 2 cm diameter (1 cm radius) were constructed to determine whether the Yonsei point could successfully influence muscles fibers.
Digital and manual measurements show comparable results with high correlation and reliability. Results showed that the White South African population had narrower facial musculature angles as compared with the Korean population.
Based on the selected sample, the Yonsei point is an ineffective injection site for the successful treatment of gummy smile in a White South African population.
摘要：
背景：这项研究的目的是确定延世点在南非白人人群中治疗牙龈微笑的疗效。确定了在治疗软糖微笑中进行肉毒杆菌毒素注射的与基础肌肉组织有关的准确表面解剖标准。
方法：选择19具（男10例，女9例）尸体进行面部解剖。解剖前后拍摄面部资料照片。覆盖之前和之后的照片以确定销位置应该在解剖尸体上的位置以确定延世点。上浮器（LLS），LLSalaequenasi（LLSAN），somaticus小症,使用量角器和尺子来测量the骨的主要肌肉，这说明了手动测量。通过将解剖图像导入ImageJ来测量数字测量。构建直径为2cm（半径为1cm）的圆，以确定延世点是否可以成功影响肌肉纤维。
结果：数字和手动测量显示出可比的结果，具有高度的相关性和可靠性。结果表明，与韩国人口相比，南非白人人口的面部肌肉组织角度更窄。
结论：根据所选样本，延世点是一个无效的注射部位，可以成功治疗南非白人人群的软糖微笑。
方法：选择19具（男10例，女9例）尸体进行面部解剖。解剖前后拍摄面部资料照片。覆盖之前和之后的照片以确定销位置应该在解剖尸体上的位置以确定延世点。上浮器（LLS），LLSalaequenasi（LLSAN），somaticus小症,使用量角器和尺子来测量the骨的主要肌肉，这说明了手动测量。通过将解剖图像导入ImageJ来测量数字测量。构建直径为2cm（半径为1cm）的圆，以确定延世点是否可以成功影响肌肉纤维。
结果：数字和手动测量显示出可比的结果，具有高度的相关性和可靠性。结果表明，与韩国人口相比，南非白人人口的面部肌肉组织角度更窄。
结论：根据所选样本，延世点是一个无效的注射部位，可以成功治疗南非白人人群的软糖微笑。
