Abstract：
Fish-borne trematodes (FiBT) are an important group of zoonotic parasites negatively affecting human health, mainly in Asia. Most studies on FiBT have applied a cross-sectional design, which provides weaker evidence on potential risk factors for transmission than a cohort study. This cohort study aimed to estimate the incidence and identify associated risk factors for FiBT infection in Vietnam. Between April 2018 and May 2019, two communes in Yen Bai province, a highly endemic area for FiBT, were visited for sampling. Participants with a negative stool result for FiBT at baseline, were invited for follow-up and data collection, at months 4, 9, and 13. Stools were examined using Kato-Katz and formalin-ethyl acetate concentration techniques to detect FiBT eggs, whereas a questionnaire was used for interviewing participants to determine the risk factors for FiBT infection during each follow-up period. The incidence risk and the incidence rate were calculated, and univariate and multivariable models were run to identify the risk factors for FiBT. A total of 194 people, negative for FiBT eggs at the baseline survey, were invited to participate in the study, and 111 people agreed to enroll in the follow-up. The incidence risk at months 4, 9, and 13 was 9.0%, 6.4%, and 5.1%, respectively. We finally used data from 95 participants for the risk factor analysis, excluding 16 people lost for the follow-up. Overall, 20 people became infected with FiBT (IR = 21.1%). The incidence rate of FiBT infection was 21.4/100 person-year. In the univariate analysis, consumption of raw fish was the main risk factor (RR = 4.59, 95%CI = 1.95-10.82), followed by being male (RR = 3.41, 95%CI = 1.56-7.45) and drinking alcohol (RR = 3.25, 95%CI = 1.49-7.11). In the multivariable analysis, only consumption of raw-fish dishes was significantly associated with FiBT infection. The people who consumed raw fish were 3.44 (95%CI = 1.11-10.70) times more at risk of infection with FiBT as compared to individuals who did not consume raw fish. It can be concluded that the FiBT incidence is high in the study area. More awareness campaigns are needed to stop eating raw fish in these areas to reduce FBT infection.
摘要：
鱼类传播的吸虫（FiBT）是一类重要的人畜共患寄生虫，对人类健康产生负面影响。主要在亚洲。关于FiBT的大多数研究都采用了横截面设计，与队列研究相比，该研究在传播的潜在危险因素方面提供的证据较弱。这项队列研究旨在评估越南FiBT感染的发生率并确定相关的危险因素。在2018年4月至2019年5月之间，日元省的两个公社，FiBT的高度流行区，进行了抽样访问。基线时FiBT大便结果为阴性的参与者，被邀请进行后续行动和数据收集，在4、9和13个月。使用Kato-Katz和福尔马林-乙酸乙酯浓缩技术检查粪便以检测FiBT卵，而使用问卷对参与者进行访谈,以确定每个随访期间FiBT感染的危险因素.计算发病风险和发病率，并运行单变量和多变量模型来确定FiBT的危险因素。共有194人，在基线调查中，FiBT卵呈阴性，被邀请参加这项研究，111人同意参加后续行动。4、9和13个月的发病率风险为9.0%，6.4%,和5.1%，分别。我们最终使用来自95名参与者的数据进行风险因素分析，排除16人的后续损失。总的来说,20人感染了FiBT（IR=21.1％）。FiBT感染率为21.4/100人年。在单变量分析中，食用生鱼是主要危险因素(RR=4.59，95CI=1.95-10.82)，其次是男性（RR=3.41，95CI=1.56-7.45）和饮酒（RR=3.25，95CI=1.49-7.11）。在多变量分析中，仅食用生鱼菜肴与FiBT感染显着相关。与不食用生鱼的人相比，食用生鱼的人感染FiBT的风险高3.44倍（95CI=1.11-10.70）。可以得出结论，研究区域的FiBT发病率很高。需要更多的宣传活动来停止在这些地区吃生鱼，以减少FBT感染。
