Abstract：
The need to belong with peers is an essential component of development, and when individuals face peer rejection they often experience a host of negative outcomes, including internalizing and externalizing problems. There exists conflicting evidence whether peer rejection precedes, succeeds, or reciprocally influences psychopathology. This study used two longitudinal community samples recruited from Portuguese schools with data from middle childhood through early adulthood. The obtained data measured mean levels and assessed stability of peer rejection, and peer rejection\'s association with demographic and psychopathology variables concurrently across development. Analyses fit developmental cascade models of peer rejection, depression, anxiety, and externalizing problems. Mean peer rejection levels remained relatively stable over time, and peer rejection scores were mildly to moderately correlated at measurement points closer together but attenuated at timepoints that were further apart in time. At some timepoints, age, and parental SES and education were associated with peer rejection. Peer rejection was associated with depression, anxiety, and externalizing problems concurrently at each time point (r = ~0.3-0.5). Developmental cascade models supported depression and anxiety temporally preceding peer rejection and some reciprocal relationships between depression and peer rejection. Anxiety was a robust temporal precedent of psychopathology and peer rejection.
摘要：
与同行的归属是发展的重要组成部分，当个人面临同伴拒绝时，他们经常会遇到一系列负面结果，包括内化和外化问题。是否在同伴拒绝之前存在矛盾的证据，成功,或者反过来影响精神病理学。这项研究使用了从葡萄牙学校招募的两个纵向社区样本，其中包含从儿童中期到成年早期的数据。获得的数据测量了平均水平，并评估了同伴拒绝的稳定性，以及同伴拒绝与人口统计学和精神病理学变量同时在整个发展过程中的关联。分析适合同伴拒绝的发展级联模型，抑郁症,焦虑,和外部化问题。平均同伴拒绝水平随着时间的推移保持相对稳定，和同伴排斥评分在距离较近的测量点轻度至中度相关,但在时间间隔较远的时间点减弱.在某些时间点，年龄,父母的SES和教育与同伴拒绝有关。同伴排斥反应与抑郁有关,焦虑,并在每个时间点同时将问题外化(r=~0.3-0.5)。发育级联模型在同伴排斥之前暂时支持抑郁和焦虑，以及抑郁与同伴排斥之间的一些相互关系。焦虑是精神病理学和同伴排斥的有力先例。
