Abstract：
The aquaporin (AQP) family, also called water channels or major intrinsic proteins, facilitate water transport. AQPs also transport low-molecular-weight solutes, including boric acid, glycerol, urea, and ammonia. Since plants are sessile, water homeostasis is crucial. Therefore, plants have developed diverse AQP variants at higher expression levels than animals. For example, 35 and 33 AQPs have been identified in Arabidopsis and rice, respectively. In the present study, we identified AQPs in morning glory (Ipomoea nil), which has been widely used as a model plant in research on flowering and floral morphology. The importance of AQPs in the opening of morning glory flowers has been reported. In the morning glory genome, 44 AQPs were identified, and their characteristics were analyzed. A phylogenetic analysis revealed five AQP subfamilies in morning glory: plasma membrane-intrinsic proteins (PIPs), tonoplast-intrinsic proteins (TIPs), nodulin 26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs), small basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs), and X-intrinsic proteins (XIPs). Further, transport substrates of morning glory AQPs were estimated based on their homology to the known AQPs in other plant species and their corresponding amino acid motifs that possess permeability pores. It was expected that PIPs are likely to transport water, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen peroxide; TIPs are likely transport water, hydrogen peroxide, ammonia, urea, and boric acid; NIPs are likely transport water, boric acid, ammonia, glycerol, and formamide; and XIPs are likely to transport water, hydrogen peroxide, and glycerol. Overall, these results suggest that AQPs are involved in water and nutrient transport in Japanese morning glory. An in silico gene expression analysis suggested the importance of AQPs in flower opening, water or nutrient uptakes from the soil to roots, and photosynthesis in morning glory. Our findings provide fundamental information that enables further study into the importance of AQPs in morning glory, including their roles in flower opening and other physiological events.
摘要：
水通道蛋白（AQP）家族，也称为水通道或主要的内在蛋白质，便于水运。AQP还运输低分子量溶质，包括硼酸,甘油，尿素,和氨。由于植物是无柄的，水稳态是至关重要的。因此,植物在比动物更高的表达水平下发展出多样化的AQP变体。例如,在拟南芥和水稻中已鉴定出35和33个AQP，分别。在本研究中,我们确定了牵牛花中的AQP(Ipomoeanil)，已被广泛用作研究开花和花形态的模式植物。据报道，AQP在牵牛花开放中的重要性。在牵牛花基因组中，确定了44个AQP，并对其特点进行了分析。系统发育分析揭示了牵牛花中的五个AQP亚家族：质膜固有蛋白（PIPs），液泡膜内在蛋白（TIPs），结节蛋白26样内在蛋白（NIPs），小的碱性内在蛋白（SIP），和X-固有蛋白(XIP)。Further,牵牛花AQP的运输底物是根据它们与其他植物物种中已知AQP的同源性以及具有渗透性孔的相应氨基酸基序来估计的。预计PIP可能会运输水，二氧化碳,和过氧化氢；TIPs可能是运输水，过氧化氢,氨,尿素,和硼酸；NIP可能是运输水，硼酸,氨,甘油，和甲酰胺；XIP可能会输送水，过氧化氢,和甘油。总的来说,这些结果表明，AQP参与了日本牵牛花的水和养分运输。计算机基因表达分析表明AQP在开花中的重要性，从土壤到根部的水或养分吸收，牵牛花中的光合作用.我们的发现提供了基本信息，可以进一步研究AQP在牵牛花中的重要性，包括它们在开花和其他生理事件中的作用。
