Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate fetal thymus size by sonography in diabetic pregnancies and its relationship with diabetes type.
METHODS: In this prospectively designed case-control study, fetal thymus transverse diameter and circumference of the fetal thymus were measured. Also, TTR (thymic-thoracic ratio) was assessed in 288 healthy and 105 diabetic pregnancies. Patients were divided into subgroups as diet-controlled gestational diabetes (GDMA1, n = 40), insulin-dependent (GDMA2, n = 42), and pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM, n = 23). GDM was diagnosed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation with a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Measurements were compared to the healthy control group. Pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni correction determined which type of diabetes was independently associated with a small fetal thymus.
RESULTS: All 3 maternal diabetes categories had smaller fetal thymus size than controls (p < 0.05). TTR were lowest in PGDM (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Gestational diabetes is associated with smaller fetal thymus size. Pregestational diabetes may be associated with a smaller fetal thymus compared to diet-controlled GDM. Also, the thymus size may be even smaller in those with poor blood glucose regulation.
METHODS: In this prospectively designed case-control study, fetal thymus transverse diameter and circumference of the fetal thymus were measured. Also, TTR (thymic-thoracic ratio) was assessed in 288 healthy and 105 diabetic pregnancies. Patients were divided into subgroups as diet-controlled gestational diabetes (GDMA1, n = 40), insulin-dependent (GDMA2, n = 42), and pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM, n = 23). GDM was diagnosed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation with a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Measurements were compared to the healthy control group. Pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni correction determined which type of diabetes was independently associated with a small fetal thymus.
RESULTS: All 3 maternal diabetes categories had smaller fetal thymus size than controls (p < 0.05). TTR were lowest in PGDM (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Gestational diabetes is associated with smaller fetal thymus size. Pregestational diabetes may be associated with a smaller fetal thymus compared to diet-controlled GDM. Also, the thymus size may be even smaller in those with poor blood glucose regulation.
摘要：
目的：本研究的目的是通过超声检查评估糖尿病妊娠胎儿胸腺的大小及其与糖尿病类型的关系。
方法：在这项前瞻性设计的病例对照研究中，测量胎儿胸腺的横径和周长。此外，在288例健康妊娠和105例糖尿病妊娠中评估了TTR（胸胸比）。患者分为饮食控制的妊娠期糖尿病亚组（GDMA1，n=40），胰岛素依赖性（GDMA2，n=42），和孕前糖尿病（PGDM，n=23）。通过75g口服葡萄糖耐量试验在妊娠24至28周之间诊断为GDM。将测量结果与健康对照组进行比较。与Bonferroni校正的成对比较确定了哪种类型的糖尿病与小胎儿胸腺独立相关。
结果：所有3个母体糖尿病类别的胎儿胸腺大小均小于对照组（p<0.05）。PGDM中TTR最低(p<0.05)。
结论：妊娠期糖尿病与较小的胎儿胸腺大小有关。与饮食控制的GDM相比，妊娠糖尿病可能与较小的胎儿胸腺有关。此外，在血糖调节差的人中，胸腺的大小可能更小。
方法：在这项前瞻性设计的病例对照研究中，测量胎儿胸腺的横径和周长。此外，在288例健康妊娠和105例糖尿病妊娠中评估了TTR（胸胸比）。患者分为饮食控制的妊娠期糖尿病亚组（GDMA1，n=40），胰岛素依赖性（GDMA2，n=42），和孕前糖尿病（PGDM，n=23）。通过75g口服葡萄糖耐量试验在妊娠24至28周之间诊断为GDM。将测量结果与健康对照组进行比较。与Bonferroni校正的成对比较确定了哪种类型的糖尿病与小胎儿胸腺独立相关。
结果：所有3个母体糖尿病类别的胎儿胸腺大小均小于对照组（p<0.05）。PGDM中TTR最低(p<0.05)。
结论：妊娠期糖尿病与较小的胎儿胸腺大小有关。与饮食控制的GDM相比，妊娠糖尿病可能与较小的胎儿胸腺有关。此外，在血糖调节差的人中，胸腺的大小可能更小。
