Abstract：
BACKGROUND: This cross-sectional cohort study assessed the inequalities in oesophageal carcinoma risk by age, sex and nativity in Kuwait: 1980-2019.
METHODS: Using oesophageal cancer incidence data from the Kuwait National Cancer Registry, relevant Kuwaiti population data and World Standard Population as a reference, age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) (per 100,000 person-years) overall and by subcohorts were computed. The incident oesophageal cancer cases count was overdispersed with excessive structural zeros, therefore, it was analyzed using multivariable zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) model.
RESULTS: Overall ASIR of oesophageal cancer was 10.51 (95% CI: 6.62-14.41). The multivariable ZINB model showed that compared with the younger age category (< 30 years), the individuals in higher age groups showed a significant (p < 0.001) increasing tendency to develop the oesophageal cancer. Furthermore, compared with the non-Kuwaiti residents, the Kuwaiti nationals were significantly (p < 0.001) more likely to develop oesophageal cancer during the study period. Moreover, compared with 1980-84 period, ASIRs steadily and significantly (p < 0.005) declined in subsequent periods till 2015-19.
CONCLUSIONS: A high incidence of oesophageal cancer was recorded in Kuwait, which consistently declined from 1980 to 2019. Older adults (aged ≥ 60 years) and, Kuwaiti nationals were at high risk of oesophageal cancer. Focused educational intervention may minimize oesophageal cancer incidence in high-risk groups in this and other similar settings. Future studies may contemplate to evaluate such an intervention.
METHODS: Using oesophageal cancer incidence data from the Kuwait National Cancer Registry, relevant Kuwaiti population data and World Standard Population as a reference, age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) (per 100,000 person-years) overall and by subcohorts were computed. The incident oesophageal cancer cases count was overdispersed with excessive structural zeros, therefore, it was analyzed using multivariable zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) model.
RESULTS: Overall ASIR of oesophageal cancer was 10.51 (95% CI: 6.62-14.41). The multivariable ZINB model showed that compared with the younger age category (< 30 years), the individuals in higher age groups showed a significant (p < 0.001) increasing tendency to develop the oesophageal cancer. Furthermore, compared with the non-Kuwaiti residents, the Kuwaiti nationals were significantly (p < 0.001) more likely to develop oesophageal cancer during the study period. Moreover, compared with 1980-84 period, ASIRs steadily and significantly (p < 0.005) declined in subsequent periods till 2015-19.
CONCLUSIONS: A high incidence of oesophageal cancer was recorded in Kuwait, which consistently declined from 1980 to 2019. Older adults (aged ≥ 60 years) and, Kuwaiti nationals were at high risk of oesophageal cancer. Focused educational intervention may minimize oesophageal cancer incidence in high-risk groups in this and other similar settings. Future studies may contemplate to evaluate such an intervention.
摘要：
背景：这项横断面队列研究按年龄评估了食管癌风险的不平等，科威特的性与出生：1980-2019年。
方法：使用科威特国家癌症注册中心的食道癌发病率数据，科威特相关人口数据和世界标准人口作为参考，计算总体和亚组的年龄标准化发病率(ASIR)(每100,000人年).事件食管癌病例数过度分散，结构零点过多，因此,使用多变量零膨胀负二项(ZINB)模型进行分析。
结果：食管癌的总体ASIR为10.51（95％CI：6.62-14.41）。多变量ZINB模型显示，与年轻年龄类别(<30岁)相比，较高年龄组的个体显示出显着（p<0.001）增加的食管癌发展趋势。此外，与非科威特居民相比，在研究期间,科威特国民显著(p<0.001)更有可能发生食道癌.此外，与1980-84年相比，在2015-19年之前的后续阶段，ASIR稳步显著下降(p<0.005)。
结论：科威特的食管癌发病率很高，从1980年到2019年持续下降。老年人（年龄≥60岁）和，科威特国民患食道癌的风险很高。在这种情况下和其他类似情况下，有针对性的教育干预可以最大程度地减少高危人群的食道癌发病率。未来的研究可能会考虑评估这种干预措施。
方法：使用科威特国家癌症注册中心的食道癌发病率数据，科威特相关人口数据和世界标准人口作为参考，计算总体和亚组的年龄标准化发病率(ASIR)(每100,000人年).事件食管癌病例数过度分散，结构零点过多，因此,使用多变量零膨胀负二项(ZINB)模型进行分析。
结果：食管癌的总体ASIR为10.51（95％CI：6.62-14.41）。多变量ZINB模型显示，与年轻年龄类别(<30岁)相比，较高年龄组的个体显示出显着（p<0.001）增加的食管癌发展趋势。此外，与非科威特居民相比，在研究期间,科威特国民显著(p<0.001)更有可能发生食道癌.此外，与1980-84年相比，在2015-19年之前的后续阶段，ASIR稳步显著下降(p<0.005)。
结论：科威特的食管癌发病率很高，从1980年到2019年持续下降。老年人（年龄≥60岁）和，科威特国民患食道癌的风险很高。在这种情况下和其他类似情况下，有针对性的教育干预可以最大程度地减少高危人群的食道癌发病率。未来的研究可能会考虑评估这种干预措施。
