{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Disparities in oesophageal cancer risk by age, sex, and nativity in Kuwait:1980-2019.
{Author}: Akhtar S;Al-Shammari A;Al-Huraiti M;Al-Anjery F;Al-Sabah S;Memon A;Siddique I;
{Journal}: BMC Cancer
{Volume}: 23
{Issue}: 1
{Year}: Mar 2023 31
{Factor}: 4.638
{DOI}: 10.1186/s12885-023-10770-0
{Abstract}: <B>BACKGROUND: </B>This cross-sectional cohort study assessed the inequalities in oesophageal carcinoma risk by age, sex and nativity in Kuwait: 1980-2019.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>Using oesophageal cancer incidence data from the Kuwait National Cancer Registry, relevant Kuwaiti population data and World Standard Population as a reference, age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) (per 100,000 person-years) overall and by subcohorts were computed. The incident oesophageal cancer cases count was overdispersed with excessive structural zeros, therefore, it was analyzed using multivariable zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) model.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>Overall ASIR of oesophageal cancer was 10.51 (95% CI:  6.62-14.41). The multivariable ZINB model showed that compared with the younger age category (< 30 years), the individuals in higher age groups showed a significant (p < 0.001) increasing tendency to develop the oesophageal cancer.  Furthermore, compared with the non-Kuwaiti residents, the Kuwaiti nationals were significantly (p < 0.001) more likely to develop oesophageal cancer during the study period. Moreover, compared with 1980-84 period, ASIRs steadily and significantly  (p < 0.005) declined in subsequent periods till 2015-19.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>A high incidence of oesophageal cancer was recorded in Kuwait, which consistently declined from 1980 to 2019. Older adults (aged ≥ 60 years) and, Kuwaiti nationals were at high risk of oesophageal cancer. Focused educational intervention may minimize oesophageal cancer incidence in high-risk groups in this and other similar settings. Future studies may contemplate to evaluate such an intervention.