Abstract：
The resilience and sustainability of food systems depend on crop diversity. It is used by breeders to produce new and better varieties, and by farmers to respond to new challenges or demands and to spread risk. However, crop diversity can only be used if it has been conserved, can be identified as the solution for a given problem, and is available. As the ways in which crop diversity is used in research and breeding change and expand, the global conservation system for crop diversity must keep pace; it must provide not only the biological materials themselves, but also the relevant information presented in a comprehensive and coherent way-all while ensuring equitable access and benefit sharing. Here we explore the evolving priorities for global efforts to safeguard and make available the diversity of the world\'s crops through ex situ genetic resource collections. We suggest that collections held by academic institutions and other holders that are not standard gene banks should be better integrated in global efforts and decision-making to conserve genetic resources. We conclude with key actions that we suggest should be taken to ensure that crop diversity collections of all types are able to fulfill their role to foster more diverse, equitable, resilient, and sustainable food systems globally.
摘要：
粮食系统的复原力和可持续性取决于作物多样性。它被育种者用来生产新的和更好的品种，农民应对新的挑战或要求，分散风险。然而,作物多样性只有在得到保护的情况下才能使用，可以被识别为给定问题的解决方案，并且是可用的。随着作物多样性在研究和育种中的应用方式的变化和扩展，全球作物多样性保护系统必须跟上；它不仅必须提供生物材料本身，以及以全面和一致的方式提供的相关信息——所有这些都是在确保公平获取和惠益分享的同时。在这里，我们探讨了通过异位遗传资源收集来保护和提供世界作物多样性的全球努力的发展优先事项。我们建议，由学术机构和其他非标准基因库持有者持有的集合应更好地纳入全球努力和决策，以保护遗传资源。最后，我们建议采取关键行动，以确保所有类型的作物多样性能够发挥其作用，以促进更多样化，公平,弹性，全球可持续粮食系统。
