Abstract：
As well established in the literature, residual toxicity is an important parameter for evaluating the sanitary and environmental safety of water treatment processes, and this parameter becomes even more crucial when chlorine-based processes are applied for water treatment. Eliminating initial toxicity or preventing its increase after water treatment remains a huge challenge mainly due to the formation of highly toxic disinfection by-products (DBPs) that stem from the degradation of organic contaminants or the interaction of the chlorine-based oxidants with different matrix components. In this review, we present a comprehensive discussion regarding the toxicological aspects of water treated using chlorine-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and the recent findings related to the factors influencing toxicity, and provide directions for future research in the area. The review begins by shedding light on the advances made in the application of free chlorine AOPs and the findings from studies conducted using electrochemical technologies based on free chlorine generation. We then delve into the insights and contributions brought to the fore regarding the application of NH2Cl- and ClO2-based treatment processes. Finally, we broaden our discussion by evaluating the toxicological assays and predictive models employed in the study of residual toxicity and provide an overview of the findings reported to date on this subject matter, while giving useful insights and directions for future research on the topic.
摘要：
正如文献中公认的那样，残留毒性是评价水处理工艺卫生和环境安全的重要参数,当氯基工艺用于水处理时，这个参数变得更加重要。消除初始毒性或防止其在水处理后的增加仍然是一个巨大的挑战，主要是由于有机污染物的降解或氯基氧化剂与不同基质组分的相互作用导致的高毒性消毒副产物（DBP）的形成。在这次审查中,我们提出了关于使用氯基高级氧化工艺（AOPs）处理的水的毒理学方面的全面讨论，以及与影响毒性的因素有关的最新发现，并为该领域未来的研究提供方向。该综述首先介绍了游离氯AOPs应用方面的进展以及使用基于游离氯产生的电化学技术进行的研究结果。然后，我们深入研究了关于基于NH2Cl和ClO2的处理过程的应用的见解和贡献。最后,我们通过评估残留毒性研究中使用的毒理学测定和预测模型来扩大我们的讨论范围，并概述迄今为止在此主题上报告的发现，同时为该主题的未来研究提供有用的见解和方向。
