Abstract：
An increase in the temperature and the acidification of the aquatic environment are among the many consequences of global warming. Climate change can also negatively affect aquatic organisms indirectly, by altering the toxicity of pollutants. Models of climate change impacts on the distribution, fate and ecotoxicity of persistent pollutants are now available. For pharmaceuticals, however, as new environmental pollutants, there are no predictions on this issue. Therefore, this paper organizes the existing knowledge on the effects of temperature, pH and both stressors combined on the toxicity of pharmaceuticals on aquatic organisms. Besides lethal toxicity, the molecular, physiological and behavioral biomarkers of sub-lethal stress were also assessed. Both acute and chronic toxicity, as well as bioaccumulation, were found to be affected. The direction and magnitude of these changes depend on the specific pharmaceutical, as well as the organism and conditions involved. Unfortunately, the response of organisms was enhanced by combined stressors. We compare the findings with those known for persistent organic pollutants, for which the pH has a relatively low effect on toxicity. The acid-base constant of molecules, as assumed, have an effect on the toxicity change with pH modulation. Studies with bivalves have been were overrepresented, while too little attention was paid to producers. Furthermore, the limited number of pharmaceuticals have been tested, and metabolites skipped altogether. Generally, the effects of warming and acidification were rather indicated than explored, and much more attention needs to be given to the ecotoxicology of pharmaceuticals in climate change conditions.
摘要：
温度升高和水生环境酸化是全球变暖的许多后果之一。气候变化也会间接影响水生生物，通过改变污染物的毒性。气候变化模型对分布的影响，持久性污染物的命运和生态毒性现在已经可用。对于药品，然而,作为新的环境污染物，在这个问题上没有预测。因此,本文整理了关于温度影响的现有知识，pH值和两种应激源共同影响药物对水生生物的毒性。除了致命毒性，分子，亚致死应激的生理和行为生物标志物也被评估.急性和慢性毒性，以及生物蓄积性，被发现受到影响。这些变化的方向和幅度取决于特定的药物，以及所涉及的有机体和条件。不幸的是,联合应激源增强了生物体的反应。我们将这些发现与已知的持久性有机污染物进行比较，其中pH对毒性的影响相对较低。分子的酸碱常数,正如假设的那样，对pH调节的毒性变化有影响。双壳类动物的研究被高估了，而对生产者的关注太少了。此外，已经测试了有限数量的药物，和代谢物完全跳过。一般来说,变暖和酸化的影响被指出而不是探索，气候变化条件下药物的生态毒理学需要给予更多的关注。
