Abstract：
Innovative and continuously changing methods of digital marketing are routinely used to reach young women and their families with advertisements that normalise infant artificial feeding and undermine breastfeeding. Legislation and provisions regulating digital and social media marketing are limited across countries. The aim of this scoping review was to systematically identify and summarise worldwide legislation implemented to regulate breast-milk substitutes (BMS) marketing on digital and social media, as well as identifying areas of opportunity to strengthen and improve it. Documents published from January 2012 to April 2022 were examined using search strategies including multiple databases and citation tracking. A total of 127 sources were evaluated, and only 28 documents from 24 countries meeting the inclusion criteria were retained. Most of the reviewed documents explicitly stated that digital marketing was prohibited (n=23), as opposed to being regulated only, with prior approval from the relevant authorities in each country. Regarding monitoring, from the countries included in this scoping review, only 14 of 24 (58.3%) stipulate a monitoring process for compliance with legal measures and have designated an actor responsible for monitoring. In addition, 22 of 24 (91.6%) countries included have defined sanctions, but only 17 (70%) countries specify the entity responsible for enforcement. The results highlight the urgent call for the explicit regulation of BMS marketing in digital and social media worldwide, as well as the public documentation of such legal measures. Likewise, it is important that there are effective, transparent and free of commercial influence national monitoring systems used to ensure compliance with legal measures.
摘要：
创新和不断变化的数字营销方法通常用于通过使婴儿人工喂养正常化并破坏母乳喂养的广告来接触年轻女性及其家人。规范数字和社交媒体营销的立法和规定在各国都是有限的。这项范围审查的目的是系统地识别和总结为规范数字和社交媒体上的母乳替代品（BMS）营销而实施的全球立法，以及确定加强和改进它的机会领域。2012年1月至2022年4月发布的文件使用包括多个数据库和引文跟踪的搜索策略进行了检查。共评估了127个来源，仅保留了来自24个国家的28份符合纳入标准的文件。大多数审查的文件明确指出，数字营销是被禁止的(n=23)，而不是只被监管，经各国有关当局事先批准。关于监测,从这次范围审查中包括的国家，24人中只有14人(58.3%)规定了遵守法律措施的监测程序，并指定了负责监测的行为者。此外,包括24个国家中的22个(91.6%)已经定义了制裁，但只有17个(70%)国家指定了负责执法的实体。结果凸显了对全球数字和社交媒体中BMS营销的明确监管的紧急呼吁，以及此类法律措施的公开文件。同样，重要的是要有有效的，透明和无商业影响的国家监测系统，用于确保遵守法律措施。
