Abstract：
Pregnancy and postpartum are periods of intense changes in women\'s metabolism. The knowledge of the metabolites and maternal factors underlying these changes is limited.
We aimed to investigate the maternal factors that could influence serum metabolome changes from late pregnancy to the first months of postpartum.
Sixty-eight healthy women from a Brazilian prospective cohort were included. Maternal blood and general characteristics were collected during pregnancy (28-35 wk) and postpartum (27-45 d). A targeted metabolomics approach was applied to quantify 132 serum metabolites, including amino acids, biogenic amines, acylcarnitines, lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), diacyl phosphatidylcholines (PC), alkyl:acyl phosphatidylcholines (PC-O), sphingomyelins with (SM) and without hydroxylation [SM(OH)], and hexoses. Metabolome changes from pregnancy to postpartum were measured as log2 fold change (log2FC), and simple linear regressions were employed to evaluate associations between maternal variables and metabolite log2FC. Multiple comparison-adjusted P values of < 0.05 were considered significant.
Of 132 metabolites quantified in serum, 90 changed from pregnancy to postpartum. Most metabolites belonging to PC and PC-O classes decreased, whereas most LPC, acylcarnitines, biogenic amines, and a few amino acids increased in postpartum. Maternal prepregnancy body mass index (ppBMI) showed positive associations with leucine and proline. A clear opposite change pattern was observed for most metabolites across ppBMI categories. Few phosphatidylcholines were decreased in women with normal ppBMI, while an increase was observed in women with obesity. Similarly, women with high postpartum levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol showed increased sphingomyelins, whereas a decrease was observed for women with lower levels of those lipoproteins.
The results revealed several maternal serum metabolomic changes from pregnancy to postpartum, and the maternal ppBMI and plasma lipoproteins were associated with these changes. We highlight the importance of the nutritional care of women prepregnancy to improve their metabolic risk profile.
We aimed to investigate the maternal factors that could influence serum metabolome changes from late pregnancy to the first months of postpartum.
Sixty-eight healthy women from a Brazilian prospective cohort were included. Maternal blood and general characteristics were collected during pregnancy (28-35 wk) and postpartum (27-45 d). A targeted metabolomics approach was applied to quantify 132 serum metabolites, including amino acids, biogenic amines, acylcarnitines, lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), diacyl phosphatidylcholines (PC), alkyl:acyl phosphatidylcholines (PC-O), sphingomyelins with (SM) and without hydroxylation [SM(OH)], and hexoses. Metabolome changes from pregnancy to postpartum were measured as log2 fold change (log2FC), and simple linear regressions were employed to evaluate associations between maternal variables and metabolite log2FC. Multiple comparison-adjusted P values of < 0.05 were considered significant.
Of 132 metabolites quantified in serum, 90 changed from pregnancy to postpartum. Most metabolites belonging to PC and PC-O classes decreased, whereas most LPC, acylcarnitines, biogenic amines, and a few amino acids increased in postpartum. Maternal prepregnancy body mass index (ppBMI) showed positive associations with leucine and proline. A clear opposite change pattern was observed for most metabolites across ppBMI categories. Few phosphatidylcholines were decreased in women with normal ppBMI, while an increase was observed in women with obesity. Similarly, women with high postpartum levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol showed increased sphingomyelins, whereas a decrease was observed for women with lower levels of those lipoproteins.
The results revealed several maternal serum metabolomic changes from pregnancy to postpartum, and the maternal ppBMI and plasma lipoproteins were associated with these changes. We highlight the importance of the nutritional care of women prepregnancy to improve their metabolic risk profile.
摘要：
背景：妊娠和产后是女性新陈代谢发生剧烈变化的时期。这些变化背后的代谢物和母体因素的知识是有限的。
目的：我们旨在调查从妊娠晚期到产后头几个月可能影响血清代谢组变化的母体因素。
方法：纳入了来自巴西前瞻性队列的68名健康女性。在怀孕期间（28-35周）和产后（27-45天）收集产妇血液和一般特征。靶向代谢组学方法应用于量化132种血清代谢物，包括氨基酸,生物胺，酰基肉碱,溶血磷脂酰胆碱（LPC），二酰基磷脂酰胆碱（PC），烷基：酰基磷脂酰胆碱（PC-O），有（SM）和无羟基化的鞘磷脂[SM（OH）]，和己糖。从怀孕到产后的代谢组变化被测量为log2倍数变化（log2FC），和简单线性回归用于评估母体变量和代谢物log2FC之间的关联。多个比较调整的P值<0.05被认为是显著的。
结果：在血清中定量的132种代谢物中，90从孕期改为产后。大多数属于PC和PC-O类的代谢物减少，而大多数LPC，酰基肉碱,生物胺，一些氨基酸在产后增加。孕妇孕前体重指数（ppBMI）与亮氨酸和脯氨酸呈正相关。对于PPBMI类别中的大多数代谢物观察到明显相反的变化模式。ppBMI正常的女性很少有磷脂酰胆碱下降，而肥胖女性则有所增加。同样，产后总胆固醇水平高的妇女，LDL胆固醇，非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显示鞘磷脂增加，而那些脂蛋白水平较低的女性则观察到下降。
结论：结果显示从妊娠到产后的几个母体血清代谢变化，母体ppBMI和血浆脂蛋白与这些变化有关。我们强调了孕前妇女营养护理对改善其代谢风险状况的重要性。
目的：我们旨在调查从妊娠晚期到产后头几个月可能影响血清代谢组变化的母体因素。
方法：纳入了来自巴西前瞻性队列的68名健康女性。在怀孕期间（28-35周）和产后（27-45天）收集产妇血液和一般特征。靶向代谢组学方法应用于量化132种血清代谢物，包括氨基酸,生物胺，酰基肉碱,溶血磷脂酰胆碱（LPC），二酰基磷脂酰胆碱（PC），烷基：酰基磷脂酰胆碱（PC-O），有（SM）和无羟基化的鞘磷脂[SM（OH）]，和己糖。从怀孕到产后的代谢组变化被测量为log2倍数变化（log2FC），和简单线性回归用于评估母体变量和代谢物log2FC之间的关联。多个比较调整的P值<0.05被认为是显著的。
结果：在血清中定量的132种代谢物中，90从孕期改为产后。大多数属于PC和PC-O类的代谢物减少，而大多数LPC，酰基肉碱,生物胺，一些氨基酸在产后增加。孕妇孕前体重指数（ppBMI）与亮氨酸和脯氨酸呈正相关。对于PPBMI类别中的大多数代谢物观察到明显相反的变化模式。ppBMI正常的女性很少有磷脂酰胆碱下降，而肥胖女性则有所增加。同样，产后总胆固醇水平高的妇女，LDL胆固醇，非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显示鞘磷脂增加，而那些脂蛋白水平较低的女性则观察到下降。
结论：结果显示从妊娠到产后的几个母体血清代谢变化，母体ppBMI和血浆脂蛋白与这些变化有关。我们强调了孕前妇女营养护理对改善其代谢风险状况的重要性。
