Abstract：
A musculoskeletal (MSK) model is a valuable tool for assessing complex biomechanical problems, estimating joint torques during motion, optimizing motion in sports, and designing exoskeletons and prostheses. This study proposes an open-source upper body MSK model that supports biomechanical analysis of human motion. The MSK model of the upper body consists of 8 body segments (torso, head, left/right upper arm, left/right forearm, and left/right hand). The model has 20 degrees of freedom (DoFs) and 40 muscle torque generators (MTGs), which are constructed using experimental data. The model is adjustable for different anthropometric measurements and subject body characteristics: sex, age, body mass, height, dominant side, and physical activity. Joint limits are modeled using experimental dynamometer data within the proposed multi-DoF MTG model. The model equations are verified by simulating the joint range of motion (ROM) and torque; all simulation results have a good agreement with previously published research.
摘要：
肌肉骨骼（MSK）模型是评估复杂生物力学问题的宝贵工具，估计运动过程中的关节扭矩，优化运动，设计外骨骼和假肢.这项研究提出了一个开源的上身MSK模型，支持人体运动的生物力学分析。上身的MSK模型由8个身体段(躯干，头部,左/右上臂，左/右前臂，和左/右手）。该模型具有20个自由度（DoF）和40个肌肉扭矩发生器（MTG），这是使用实验数据构建的。该模型可针对不同的人体测量和受试者身体特征进行调整：性别，年龄,体重,高度,占主导地位的一面，和身体活动。在提出的多DoFMTG模型中，使用实验测功机数据对接头极限进行建模。通过模拟关节运动范围（ROM）和扭矩来验证模型方程；所有模拟结果与先前发表的研究具有良好的一致性。
