Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The treatment of lymphoedema requires a multi-professional and interdisciplinary approach. Despite being prescribed in the management of lymphatic disorders, the effectiveness of the phlebological insoles is still under investigation.
OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aims to identify and analyse evidence regarding the efficacy of phlebological insoles as a conservative intervention for lower limb lymphoedema.
METHODS: The following databases were searched up to November 2022: PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL Complete, PEDro and Scopus. Preventive and conservative interventions were considered. Studies considering people with lower limb oedema, of any age and type of oedema, were eligible for inclusion. No restrictions in terms of language, year of publication, study design and type of publication were applied. Additional studies were sought through grey literature.
RESULTS: From 117 initial records, 3 studies met the inclusion criteria. Two quasi-experimental studies and one randomised cross-over study were included. The results of the examined studies confirmed the positive effects of insoles usage and foot and ankle mobility on the venous return.
CONCLUSIONS: This scoping review provided an overview of the topic. The studies analysed in this scoping review have shown that insoles seem to be beneficial in reducing the lower limb oedema in healthy individuals. However, there are still no comprehensive trials confirming this evidence on people with lymphoedema. The small number of identified articles, the selection of participants not affected by lymphoedema, the use of heterogeneous devices in terms of modifications and materials highlight the need of further investigations. Future trails should include people affected by lymphoedema, address the choice of materials in manufacturing the insoles and take in consideration the patients\' adherence to the device and concordance to the treatment.
OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aims to identify and analyse evidence regarding the efficacy of phlebological insoles as a conservative intervention for lower limb lymphoedema.
METHODS: The following databases were searched up to November 2022: PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL Complete, PEDro and Scopus. Preventive and conservative interventions were considered. Studies considering people with lower limb oedema, of any age and type of oedema, were eligible for inclusion. No restrictions in terms of language, year of publication, study design and type of publication were applied. Additional studies were sought through grey literature.
RESULTS: From 117 initial records, 3 studies met the inclusion criteria. Two quasi-experimental studies and one randomised cross-over study were included. The results of the examined studies confirmed the positive effects of insoles usage and foot and ankle mobility on the venous return.
CONCLUSIONS: This scoping review provided an overview of the topic. The studies analysed in this scoping review have shown that insoles seem to be beneficial in reducing the lower limb oedema in healthy individuals. However, there are still no comprehensive trials confirming this evidence on people with lymphoedema. The small number of identified articles, the selection of participants not affected by lymphoedema, the use of heterogeneous devices in terms of modifications and materials highlight the need of further investigations. Future trails should include people affected by lymphoedema, address the choice of materials in manufacturing the insoles and take in consideration the patients\' adherence to the device and concordance to the treatment.
摘要：
背景：淋巴水肿的治疗需要多专业和跨学科的方法。尽管在淋巴疾病的管理中开了处方，静脉鞋垫的有效性仍在调查中。
目的：本范围综述旨在确定和分析关于静脉鞋垫作为下肢淋巴水肿保守干预措施的有效性的证据。
方法：截至2022年11月，搜索了以下数据库：PubMed，科克伦图书馆,CINAHL完成,PEDro和Scopus.考虑了预防性和保守性干预措施。考虑下肢水肿患者的研究，任何年龄和类型的水肿，有资格列入。语言方面没有限制，出版年份,应用了研究设计和出版物类型。通过灰色文献寻求其他研究。
结果：来自117个初始记录，3项研究符合纳入标准。包括两项准实验研究和一项随机交叉研究。检查研究的结果证实了鞋垫的使用以及脚和脚踝的活动性对静脉回流的积极影响。
结论：本范围审查提供了该主题的概述。在这项范围审查中分析的研究表明，鞋垫似乎有利于减少健康个体的下肢水肿。然而,仍然没有全面的试验证实淋巴水肿患者的这一证据。确定的文章数量少，选择不受淋巴水肿影响的参与者，在修改和材料方面使用异构设备突出了进一步研究的需要。未来的路径应该包括受淋巴水肿影响的人，在制造鞋垫时处理材料的选择，并考虑患者对设备的依从性和与治疗的一致性。
目的：本范围综述旨在确定和分析关于静脉鞋垫作为下肢淋巴水肿保守干预措施的有效性的证据。
方法：截至2022年11月，搜索了以下数据库：PubMed，科克伦图书馆,CINAHL完成,PEDro和Scopus.考虑了预防性和保守性干预措施。考虑下肢水肿患者的研究，任何年龄和类型的水肿，有资格列入。语言方面没有限制，出版年份,应用了研究设计和出版物类型。通过灰色文献寻求其他研究。
结果：来自117个初始记录，3项研究符合纳入标准。包括两项准实验研究和一项随机交叉研究。检查研究的结果证实了鞋垫的使用以及脚和脚踝的活动性对静脉回流的积极影响。
结论：本范围审查提供了该主题的概述。在这项范围审查中分析的研究表明，鞋垫似乎有利于减少健康个体的下肢水肿。然而,仍然没有全面的试验证实淋巴水肿患者的这一证据。确定的文章数量少，选择不受淋巴水肿影响的参与者，在修改和材料方面使用异构设备突出了进一步研究的需要。未来的路径应该包括受淋巴水肿影响的人，在制造鞋垫时处理材料的选择，并考虑患者对设备的依从性和与治疗的一致性。
