Abstract：
This paper studies the effects of using 20, 40 and 60% vol. of either expanded polystyrene (EPS) or olive stones as additives in the manufacture of handmade bricks. The bricks were made using clayey earth from Viznar (Spain) and were fired at 950 °C. The effects of the additives on the mineralogical, textural and physical properties of the fired bricks were analysed, focusing mainly on possible changes in their pore system, thermal insulation, compressive strength, colour and salt crystallisation resistance. From a mineralogical point of view, the bricks made with olive stones had a lighter red colour due to their lower hematite content. As expected, the samples made with these additives had greater porosity and better thermal insulation. However, they also had lower compressive strength to the point that the only samples that met the recommended criteria for general construction work were those with 20% vol. EPS, while those with 40% vol. EPS met the criteria to be used as lightweight bricks. Both additives improved the resistance of the bricks to decay by salt crystallisation.
摘要：
本文研究了使用20、40和60％vol的效果。发泡聚苯乙烯（EPS）或橄榄石作为制造手工砖的添加剂。砖块是使用来自Viznar（西班牙）的粘土土制成的，并在950°C下烧制。添加剂对矿物学的影响，分析了烧结砖的结构和物理性能，主要关注其孔隙系统的可能变化，隔热，抗压强度,颜色和耐盐结晶。从矿物学的角度来看,用橄榄石制成的砖由于赤铁矿含量较低，颜色较浅。不出所料,用这些添加剂制成的样品具有更大的孔隙率和更好的隔热性。然而,它们的抗压强度也较低，以至于唯一符合一般建筑工程推荐标准的样品是体积为20%的样品。EPS,而那些体积为40%的。EPS符合用作轻质砖的标准。两种添加剂都提高了砖的耐盐结晶腐坏性。
