Abstract：
Melatonin is the main hormone that regulates the sleep cycle, and it is mostly produced by the pineal gland from the amino acid tryptophan. It has cytoprotective, immunomodulatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. Melatonin is also one of the most powerful natural antioxidants, directly acting on free radicals and the intracellular antioxidant enzyme system. Furthermore, it participates in antitumor activity, hypopigmentation processes in hyperpigmentary disorders, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulating activity in inflammatory dermatoses, maintaining the integrity of the epidermal barrier and thermoregulation of the body. Due predominantly to its positive influence on sleep, melatonin can be used in the treatment of sleep disturbances for those with chronic allergic diseases accompanied by intensive itching (such as atopic dermatitis and chronic spontaneous urticaria). According to the literature data, there are also many proven uses for melatonin in photoprotection and skin aging (due to melatonin\'s antioxidant effects and role in preventing damage due to DNA repair mechanisms), hyperpigmentary disorders (e.g., melasma) and scalp diseases (such as androgenic alopecia and telogen effluvium).
摘要：
褪黑素是调节睡眠周期的主要激素，它主要是由松果体产生的氨基酸色氨酸。它有细胞保护作用,免疫调节,和抗凋亡作用。褪黑激素也是最强大的天然抗氧化剂之一，直接作用于自由基和细胞内抗氧化酶系统。此外，它参与抗肿瘤活性，色素沉着障碍中的色素沉着减退过程，抗炎,在炎症性皮肤病中的免疫调节活性，保持表皮屏障的完整性和身体的体温调节。主要由于它对睡眠的积极影响，褪黑激素可用于治疗伴有剧烈瘙痒的慢性过敏性疾病（例如特应性皮炎和慢性自发性荨麻疹）的睡眠障碍。根据文献数据,褪黑激素在光保护和皮肤老化中也有许多被证明的用途（由于褪黑激素的抗氧化作用和防止DNA修复机制造成的损伤的作用），色素沉着障碍(例如，黄褐斑）和头皮疾病（例如雄激素性脱发和止血原）。
