Abstract：
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most important global public health problems. The imprudent use of antibiotics in humans and animals has resulted in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The dissemination of these strains and their resistant determinants could endanger antibiotic efficacy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify and develop novel strategies to combat antibiotic resistance. This review provides insights into the evolution and the mechanisms of AMR. Additionally, it discusses alternative approaches that might be used to control AMR, including probiotics, prebiotics, antimicrobial peptides, small molecules, organic acids, essential oils, bacteriophage, fecal transplants, and nanoparticles.
摘要：
抗菌素耐药性(AMR)是全球最重要的公共卫生问题之一。在人类和动物中不谨慎地使用抗生素导致了抗生素抗性细菌的出现。这些菌株及其抗性决定子的传播可能危及抗生素功效。因此,迫切需要确定和开发新的策略来对抗抗生素耐药性。这篇综述提供了对AMR演变和机制的见解。此外,它讨论了可能用于控制AMR的替代方法，包括益生菌,益生元,抗菌肽，小分子,有机酸,精油，噬菌体,粪便移植,和纳米粒子。
