PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Mounting evidence indicates that habitats such as wastewater and environmental waters are pathways for the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and mobile antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). We identified antibiotic-resistant members of the genera Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, and Pseudomonas as key opportunistic pathogens that grow or persist in built (e.g., wastewater) or natural aquatic environments. Effective methods for monitoring these ARB in the environment are needed to understand their influence on dissemination of ARB and ARGs, but standard methods have not been developed. This systematic review considers peer-reviewed papers where the ARB above were cultured from wastewater or surface water, focusing on the accuracy of current methodologies.
Recent studies suggest that many clinically important ARGs were originally acquired from environmental microorganisms. Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, and Pseudomonas species are of interest because their ability to persist and grow in the environment provides opportunities to engage in horizontal gene transfer with other environmental bacteria. Pathogenic strains of these organisms resistant to multiple, clinically relevant drug classes have been identified as an urgent threat. However, culture methods for these bacteria were generally developed for clinical samples and are not well-vetted for environmental samples. The search criteria yielded 60 peer-reviewed articles over the past 20 years, which reported a wide variety of methods for isolation, confirmation, and antibiotic resistance assays. Based on a systematic comparison of the reported methods, we suggest a path forward for standardizing methodologies for monitoring antibiotic resistant strains of these bacteria in water environments.
Recent studies suggest that many clinically important ARGs were originally acquired from environmental microorganisms. Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, and Pseudomonas species are of interest because their ability to persist and grow in the environment provides opportunities to engage in horizontal gene transfer with other environmental bacteria. Pathogenic strains of these organisms resistant to multiple, clinically relevant drug classes have been identified as an urgent threat. However, culture methods for these bacteria were generally developed for clinical samples and are not well-vetted for environmental samples. The search criteria yielded 60 peer-reviewed articles over the past 20 years, which reported a wide variety of methods for isolation, confirmation, and antibiotic resistance assays. Based on a systematic comparison of the reported methods, we suggest a path forward for standardizing methodologies for monitoring antibiotic resistant strains of these bacteria in water environments.
摘要：
目的：越来越多的证据表明，诸如废水和环境水域的栖息地是抗生素耐药菌（ARB）和移动抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）传播的途径。我们确定了不动杆菌属的抗生素抗性成员，气单胞菌,和假单胞菌作为生长或持续存在的关键机会性病原体(例如，废水)或天然水生环境。需要有效的方法来监测环境中的这些ARB，以了解它们对ARB和ARGs传播的影响，但标准方法尚未开发。本系统综述考虑了同行评审的论文，其中上述ARB是从废水或地表水中培养的，专注于当前方法的准确性。
结果：最近的研究表明，许多临床上重要的ARGs最初是从环境微生物中获得的。不动杆菌,气单胞菌,和假单胞菌物种是感兴趣的，因为它们在环境中持续和生长的能力提供了与其他环境细菌进行水平基因转移的机会。这些生物的致病性菌株对多种，临床相关药物类别已被确定为紧急威胁。然而,这些细菌的培养方法通常是针对临床样品开发的，对于环境样品没有很好的审查。在过去的20年里，搜索标准产生了60篇同行评审的文章，报告了各种各样的分离方法，确认,和抗生素抗性测定。在对所报告方法进行系统比较的基础上，我们为在水环境中监测这些细菌的抗生素耐药菌株的标准化方法提供了一条前进的道路.
结果：最近的研究表明，许多临床上重要的ARGs最初是从环境微生物中获得的。
