PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Honey bees play an important role in the pollination of crops and wild plants and provide important products to humans. Pathogens and parasites are the main factors that threaten beekeeping in South Korea. Therefore, a nationwide detection of 14 honey bee pathogens, including parasites (phorid flies, Nosema ceranae, and Acarapis woodi mites), viruses, bacteria, and fungal pathogens, was conducted from 2017 to 2021 in the country. The infection rate and the trend of detection of each pathogenic agent were determined. A total of 830 honey bee samples from Apis cerana (n = 357) and A. mellifera (n = 473) were examined. N. ceranae (35.53%), deformed wing virus (52.63%), sacbrood virus (SBV) (52.63%), and black queen cell virus (55.26%) were the most prevalent honey bee pathogens, and their prevalence rapidly increased from 2017 to 2021. The prevalence of Paenibacillus larvae, Israeli acute paralysis virus, Ascosphaera apis, A. woodi, Melissococcus plutonius, and chronic bee paralysis virus remained stable during the surveillance period, with infection rates ranging from 5.26% to 16.45% in 2021. Other pathogens, including acute bee paralysis virus, phorid flies, Kashmir bee virus, and Aspergillus flavus, had low infection rates that gradually declined during the detection period. The occurrence of honeybee pathogens peaked in July. SBV was the most common pathogen in A. cerana, whereas N. ceranae was predominant in A. mellifera. This study provides information regarding the current status of honey bee pathogens and presents the trend of the occurrence of each pathogen in South Korea. These data are important for predicting outbreaks of honey bee diseases in the country.
摘要：
蜜蜂在农作物和野生植物的授粉中起着重要的作用，并为人类提供重要的产品。病原体和寄生虫是威胁韩国养蜂的主要因素。因此,在全国范围内检测到14种蜜蜂病原体，包括寄生虫（卷蝇，Nosemaceranae，和Acarapiswoodi螨），病毒,细菌,和真菌病原体，于2017年至2021年在该国进行。测定各病原体的感染率和检出趋势。检查了来自Apiscerana（n=357）和A.mellifera（n=473）的830种蜜蜂样品。N.ceranae（35.53%），畸形翼状病毒(52.63%)，镰刀病毒（SBV）（52.63%），黑皇后细胞病毒(55.26%)是最常见的蜜蜂病原体，从2017年到2021年，他们的患病率迅速上升。类芽孢杆菌幼虫的患病率，以色列急性麻痹病毒,Ascosphaeraapis，A.伍迪，missococcusplutonius,慢性蜜蜂麻痹病毒在监测期间保持稳定，2021年感染率从5.26%到16.45%不等。其他病原体,包括急性蜜蜂麻痹病毒,飞蝇，克什米尔蜜蜂病毒,还有黄曲霉,感染率低，在检测期间逐渐下降。蜜蜂病原体的发生在7月达到高峰。SBV是A.cerana中最常见的病原体，而N.ceranae在A.mellifera中占主导地位。这项研究提供了有关蜜蜂病原体现状的信息，并介绍了韩国每种病原体的发生趋势。这些数据对于预测该国蜜蜂疾病的爆发具有重要意义。
