Abstract：
Intake of dairy fat within the matrix of cheese lowered circulating LDL cholesterol concentration to a greater extent than the same components consumed separately as butter, protein, and calcium. However, circulating LDL cholesterol is not indicative of concentration or size of LDL particles (LDL-P), which are recognized as more sensitive risk markers of CVD.
This was an exploratory analysis to investigate the role of the food matrix on lipoprotein particle size distribution, after a dairy fat intervention, in overweight adults aged ≥50 y.
Lipoprotein particle size distribution was measured in fasting EDTA blood samples taken at week 0 (baseline) and at week 6, using NMR. In total, 127 participants (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, aged ≥50 y) received ∼42 g dairy fat in 1 of 4 treatments: group A, 120 g full-fat cheddar cheese (FFCC); group B, reduced-fat cheese plus butter (RFC+B); group C, butter, calcium caseinate powder, and calcium supplement (CaCO3) (BCC); or group D, 120 g FFCC (as per group A) but after a 6-wk washout period during which they excluded cheese before intervention.
Total VLDL and chylomicron particles (VLDL/CM-P) decreased after intervention. There was a strong correlation between reduced VLDL/CM-P and a reduction in small proatherogenic VLDL-P (r = 0.888, P < 0.001). Reductions in total LDL-P were associated with a reduction in small LDL-P and, to a lesser extent, with large LDL-P. There was a significant main effect of treatment for change in intermediate-density lipoprotein particles (IDL-P) after the intervention (P = 0.023) between groups B and D (-46.86 ± 30.38 and 40.69 ± 32.72 nmol/L, respectively). HDL particle (HDL-P) parameters (diameter, concentration, or size distribution) were not affected by diet.
Our findings indicate that reductions in LDL cholesterol observed with dairy fat consumption are driven by reductions in LDL-P concentration. A trend toward a less atherogenic profile was observed, but there was no clear effect of the individual food matrices. This trial was registered at ISRCTN as ISRCTN86731958.
This was an exploratory analysis to investigate the role of the food matrix on lipoprotein particle size distribution, after a dairy fat intervention, in overweight adults aged ≥50 y.
Lipoprotein particle size distribution was measured in fasting EDTA blood samples taken at week 0 (baseline) and at week 6, using NMR. In total, 127 participants (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, aged ≥50 y) received ∼42 g dairy fat in 1 of 4 treatments: group A, 120 g full-fat cheddar cheese (FFCC); group B, reduced-fat cheese plus butter (RFC+B); group C, butter, calcium caseinate powder, and calcium supplement (CaCO3) (BCC); or group D, 120 g FFCC (as per group A) but after a 6-wk washout period during which they excluded cheese before intervention.
Total VLDL and chylomicron particles (VLDL/CM-P) decreased after intervention. There was a strong correlation between reduced VLDL/CM-P and a reduction in small proatherogenic VLDL-P (r = 0.888, P < 0.001). Reductions in total LDL-P were associated with a reduction in small LDL-P and, to a lesser extent, with large LDL-P. There was a significant main effect of treatment for change in intermediate-density lipoprotein particles (IDL-P) after the intervention (P = 0.023) between groups B and D (-46.86 ± 30.38 and 40.69 ± 32.72 nmol/L, respectively). HDL particle (HDL-P) parameters (diameter, concentration, or size distribution) were not affected by diet.
Our findings indicate that reductions in LDL cholesterol observed with dairy fat consumption are driven by reductions in LDL-P concentration. A trend toward a less atherogenic profile was observed, but there was no clear effect of the individual food matrices. This trial was registered at ISRCTN as ISRCTN86731958.
摘要：
背景：在奶酪基质中摄入乳制品脂肪比单独作为黄油食用的相同成分更大程度地降低了循环LDL胆固醇浓度，蛋白质，和钙。然而,循环LDL胆固醇不能指示LDL颗粒（LDL-P）的浓度或大小，它们被认为是更敏感的CVD风险标志物。
目的：这是一项探索性分析，旨在研究食物基质对脂蛋白粒径分布的作用，经过乳制品脂肪干预，
方法：在第0周（基线）和第6周采集的空腹EDTA血样中，使用NMR测量脂蛋白粒径分布。总的来说,127名参与者（BMI≥25kg/m2，年龄≥50岁）在4种治疗方法中的1种接受了42g乳制品脂肪：A组，120克全脂切达干酪（FFCC）；B组，低脂奶酪加黄油(RFC+B)；C组，黄油,酪蛋白酸钙粉末，和钙补充剂（CaCO3）（BCC）；或D组，120gFFCC（根据A组），但经过6周的冲洗期，在此期间，他们在干预前排除了奶酪。
结果：干预后总VLDL和乳糜微粒（VLDL/CM-P）降低。VLDL/CM-P降低与小的致动脉粥样硬化VLDL-P降低之间存在很强的相关性(r=0.888,P<0.001)。总LDL-P的降低与小LDL-P的降低相关，在较小程度上，LDL-P大干预后，B组和D组之间的中密度脂蛋白颗粒（IDL-P）变化（P=0.023）治疗具有显着主要作用（-46.86±30.38和40.69±32.72nmol/L，分别)。HDL颗粒(HDL-P)参数(直径，浓度,或大小分布）不受饮食影响。
结论：我们的发现表明，乳制品脂肪消耗观察到的LDL胆固醇降低是由LDL-P浓度降低驱动的。观察到动脉粥样硬化倾向较少，但是单个食物基质没有明显的影响。该试验在ISRCTN注册为ISRCTN86731958。
目的：这是一项探索性分析，旨在研究食物基质对脂蛋白粒径分布的作用，
方法：在第0周（基线）和第6周采集的空腹EDTA血样中，使用NMR测量脂蛋白粒径分布。
结果：干预后总VLDL和乳糜微粒（VLDL/CM-P）降低。
结论：我们的发现表明，乳制品脂肪消耗观察到的LDL胆固醇降低是由LDL-P浓度降低驱动的。
