Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the most common injuries of the knee. Women have a higher injury rate for ACL ruptures than men. Various indicators for this sex-specific difference are controversially discussed.
OBJECTIVE: A systematic review of the literature that compares surface electromyography (EMG) values of adult female and male subjects to find out if there is a difference in neuromuscular activation of the knee stabilizing muscles.
METHODS: This systematic review has been guided and informed by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies which examined sex-specific differences with surface EMG measurements (integral, root mean squares, mean values, analysis of time and amplitude) of the knee stabilizing muscles were retrieved via searches from the databases PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, CENTRAL and SPORTDiscus. The risk of bias of included studies was assessed with the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) study quality assessment tool. A synthesis of results was performed for relevant outcomes.
RESULTS: Fifteen studies with 462 healthy participants, 233 women (mean age 21.9 (± 2.29) years) and 299 men (mean age 22.6 (± 2.43) years), were included in the systematic review. The methodological quality of the studies was mostly rated \"fair\" (40%). A significantly higher activity of the muscles vastus lateralis and vastus medialis was found in females, in three studies. Two studies found significantly lower neuromuscular activity in the muscles biceps femoris and semitendinosus in females. All other included studies found no significant differences or reported even contradicting results.
CONCLUSIONS: The controversial findings do not allow for a concluding answer to the question of a sex-specific neuromuscular activation. Further research with higher statistical power and a more homogeneous methodical procedure (tasks and data normalisation) of the included studies may provide insight into possibly existing sex-specific differences in neuromuscular activation. This systematic review could help to improve the methodical design of future studies to get a more valid conclusion of the issue.
BACKGROUND: CRD42020189504.
OBJECTIVE: A systematic review of the literature that compares surface electromyography (EMG) values of adult female and male subjects to find out if there is a difference in neuromuscular activation of the knee stabilizing muscles.
METHODS: This systematic review has been guided and informed by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies which examined sex-specific differences with surface EMG measurements (integral, root mean squares, mean values, analysis of time and amplitude) of the knee stabilizing muscles were retrieved via searches from the databases PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, CENTRAL and SPORTDiscus. The risk of bias of included studies was assessed with the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) study quality assessment tool. A synthesis of results was performed for relevant outcomes.
RESULTS: Fifteen studies with 462 healthy participants, 233 women (mean age 21.9 (± 2.29) years) and 299 men (mean age 22.6 (± 2.43) years), were included in the systematic review. The methodological quality of the studies was mostly rated \"fair\" (40%). A significantly higher activity of the muscles vastus lateralis and vastus medialis was found in females, in three studies. Two studies found significantly lower neuromuscular activity in the muscles biceps femoris and semitendinosus in females. All other included studies found no significant differences or reported even contradicting results.
CONCLUSIONS: The controversial findings do not allow for a concluding answer to the question of a sex-specific neuromuscular activation. Further research with higher statistical power and a more homogeneous methodical procedure (tasks and data normalisation) of the included studies may provide insight into possibly existing sex-specific differences in neuromuscular activation. This systematic review could help to improve the methodical design of future studies to get a more valid conclusion of the issue.
BACKGROUND: CRD42020189504.
摘要：
背景：前交叉韧带（ACL）断裂是膝关节最常见的损伤之一。女性ACL破裂的损伤率高于男性。有争议地讨论了这种性别差异的各种指标。
目的：对成年女性和男性受试者的表面肌电图（EMG）值进行比较的文献进行系统回顾，以了解膝关节稳定肌肉的神经肌肉激活是否存在差异。
方法：本系统评价由系统评价和荟萃分析（PRISMA）指南的首选报告项目指导和指导。用表面肌电图测量检查性别特异性差异的研究(积分，均方根,平均值，时间和振幅的分析）通过从数据库PubMed中搜索来检索膝盖稳定肌肉，CINAHL,Embase,中央和SPORTDiscus。纳入研究的偏倚风险与国家心脏评估，肺和血液研究所(NHLBI)研究质量评估工具。对相关结果进行了综合。
结果：对462名健康参与者进行了15项研究，233名女性（平均年龄21.9（±2.29）岁）和299名男性（平均年龄22.6（±2.43）岁），包括在系统审查中。研究的方法学质量大多被评为“一般”(40%)。在女性中发现了股外侧肌和股内侧肌的明显较高的活动，在三项研究中。两项研究发现，女性股二头肌和半腱肌的神经肌肉活动显着降低。所有其他纳入的研究均未发现显着差异，甚至报告了矛盾的结果。
结论：有争议的发现不允许对性别特异性神经肌肉激活的问题做出结论。具有更高的统计能力和更均匀的方法程序（任务和数据标准化）的进一步研究可以提供对神经肌肉激活中可能存在的性别特异性差异的见解。这种系统的回顾可以帮助改进未来研究的方法设计，以获得更有效的结论。
背景：CRD42020189504.
目的：对成年女性和男性受试者的表面肌电图（EMG）值进行比较的文献进行系统回顾，以了解膝关节稳定肌肉的神经肌肉激活是否存在差异。
方法：本系统评价由系统评价和荟萃分析（PRISMA）指南的首选报告项目指导和指导。
结果：对462名健康参与者进行了15项研究，
结论：有争议的发现不允许对性别特异性神经肌肉激活的问题做出结论。
背景：CRD42020189504.
