Abstract：
Orienteering is an outdoor activity wherein participants use a map and compass to locate control points and choose the quickest path to the next control point in a natural environment. Attentional focus, rapid decision-making, and high aerobic fitness may influence orienteering performance. Therefore, this research aimed to seek international orienteering expert consensus regarding the definition, development, causes, influences and methods to reduce mental fatigue (MF) in orienteering based on practical experience. Following ethical approval, a three-round Delphi survey was conducted online with twenty-four orienteering coaches and athletes (or former athletes) from 10 different countries with international orienteering competition experience. The threshold of consensus was ≥ 70% agreement among respondents. The experts agreed that MF exists in daily life and orienteering with a substantial negative effect on their conscious decision-making performance and psychological responses. The experts disagreed that the form of MF that athletes experienced in orienteering training are similar to the competition. However, there was no agreement that MF would impact endurance and high-speed running performance during orienteering. This research refines the definition of MF and summarises the distinctions in what causes MF in orienteering training and competition, implying that MF should be addressed separately.
摘要：
定向运动是一种户外活动，参与者使用地图和指南针来定位控制点，并选择在自然环境中到达下一个控制点的最快路径。注意力集中，快速决策,高有氧健身可能会影响定向运动的表现。因此,这项研究旨在寻求国际定向运动专家对定义的共识，发展,原因,基于实践经验的定向运动中减少精神疲劳的影响和方法。经过道德批准，对来自10个不同国家具有国际定向越野比赛经验的24名定向越野教练和运动员（或前运动员）进行了三轮Delphi在线调查。受访者的共识阈值为≥70%。专家们一致认为，MF存在于日常生活和定向运动中，对他们的有意识的决策表现和心理反应产生了重大的负面影响。专家们不同意运动员在定向越野训练中经历的MF形式与比赛相似。然而,没有人同意MF会影响定向运动期间的耐力和高速运行性能。本研究完善了MF的定义，总结了MF在定向运动训练和比赛中的区别，这意味着MF应该单独解决。
