Abstract：
Mutations with deleterious consequences in nature may be conditionally deleterious in crop plants. That is, while some genetic variants may reduce fitness under wild conditions and be subject to purifying selection, they can be under positive selection in domesticates. Such deleterious alleles can be plant breeding targets, particularly for complex traits. The difficulty of distinguishing favorable from unfavorable variants reduces the power of selection, while favorable trait variation and heterosis may be attributable to deleterious alleles. Here, we review the roles of deleterious mutations in crop breeding and discuss how they can be used as a new avenue for crop improvement with emerging genomic tools, including HapMaps and pangenome analysis, aiding the identification, removal, or exploitation of deleterious mutations.
摘要：
在自然界中具有有害后果的突变在作物植物中可能是有条件有害的。也就是说,虽然一些遗传变异可能会降低野生条件下的适应性，并受到纯化选择，它们可以在驯养动物中处于正选择状态。这种有害的等位基因可能是植物育种的目标，特别是对于复杂的特征。区分有利和不利变体的困难降低了选择的力量，而有利的性状变异和杂种优势可能归因于有害等位基因。这里,我们回顾了有害突变在作物育种中的作用，并讨论了如何利用新兴的基因组工具将其用作作物改良的新途径。包括HapMaps和pangenome分析，帮助识别，移除,或利用有害突变。
