Abstract：
Due to the rapidly increasing ridership and the relatively enclosed underground space, the indoor air quality (IAQ) in underground subway stations (USSs) has attracted more public attention. The air pollutants in USSs, such as particulate matter (PM), CO2 and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), are hazardous to the health of passengers and staves. Firstly, this paper presents a systematic review on the characteristics and sources of air pollutants in USSs. According to the review work, the concentrations of PM, CO2, VOCs, bacteria and fungi in USSs are 1.1-13.2 times higher than the permissible concentration limits specified by WHO, ASHRAE and US EPA. The PM and VOCs are mainly derived from the internal and outdoor sources. CO2 concentrations are highly correlated with the passenger density and the ventilation rate while the exposure levels of bacteria and fungi depend on the thermal conditions and the settled dust. Then, the online monitoring, fault detection and prediction methods of IAQ are summarized and the advantages and disadvantages of these methods are also discussed. In addition, the available control strategies for improving IAQ in USSs are reviewed, and these strategies are classified and compared from different viewpoints. Lastly, challenges of the IAQ management in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic and several suggestions for underground stations\' IAQ management in the future are put forward. This paper is expected to provide a comprehensive guidance for further research and design of the effective prevention measures on air pollutants in USSs so as to achieve more sustainable and healthy underground environment.
摘要：
由于快速增长的乘客量和相对封闭的地下空间，地下地铁站（USS）的室内空气质量（IAQ）引起了更多公众的关注。USSs中的空气污染物，例如颗粒物(PM)，CO2和挥发性有机化合物（VOCs），对乘客的健康有害。首先,本文对USS中空气污染物的特征和来源进行了系统的综述。根据审查工作,PM的浓度，CO2,VOCs,USSs中的细菌和真菌比世卫组织规定的容许浓度限值高1.1-13.2倍，ASHRAE和美国EPA。PM和VOC主要来自内部和室外来源。CO2浓度与乘客密度和通风率高度相关，而细菌和真菌的暴露水平取决于热条件和沉降的灰尘。然后，在线监控，总结了IAQ的故障检测和预测方法，并讨论了这些方法的优缺点。此外,审查了改善USSIAQ的可用控制策略，这些策略从不同的角度进行了分类和比较。最后,在COVID-19流行的背景下，IAQ管理面临的挑战以及对未来地下车站IAQ管理的几点建议。希望为进一步研究和设计USSs中大气污染物的有效预防措施提供全面的指导，以实现更可持续和健康的地下环境。
